Predictive functional profiling using marker gene sequences and community diversity analyses of microbes in full-scale anaerobic sludge digesters

Abstract

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in treating the sewage sludge, as it can reduce the amount of sludge, eliminate pathogens and produce biofuel. To enhance the operational performance and stability of anaerobic bioreactors, operational and conventional chemical data from full-scale sludge anaerobic digesters were collected over a 2-year period and summarized, and the microbial community diversity of the sludge sample was investigated at various stages of the AD process. For the purpose of distinguishing between the functional and community diversity of the microbes, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) software was used to impute the prevalence of 16S rDNA marker gene sequences in the difference in various sludge samples. Meanwhile, a taxa analysis was also carried out to investigate the different sludge samples. The microbial community diversity analysis of one AD sludge sample showed that the most dominant bacterial genera were Saccharicrinis, Syntrophus, Anaerotruncus and Thermanaerothrix. Among archaea, acetoclastic Methanosaeta represented 56.0 %, and hydrogenotrophic Methanospirillum, Methanoculleus, Methanothermus and Methanolinea accounted for 41.3 % of all methanogens. The taxa, genetic and functional prediction analyses of the feedstock and AD sludge samples suggested great community diversity differences between them. The taxa of bacteria in two AD sludge samples were considerably different, but the abundances of the functional KEGG pathways took on similar levels. The numbers of identified pathogens were significantly lower in the digested sludge than in the feedstock, but the PICRUSt results showed the difference in "human diseases" abundances in the level-1 pathway between the two sludge samples was small.

Microbial Communities and Sulfate-Reducing Microorganisms Abundance and Diversity in Municipal Anaerobic Sewage Sludge Digesters from a Wastewater Treatment Plant (Marrakech, Morocco)

“…The Euryarchaeota belonging to the Methanobacteriales, the Methanomicrobiales, the Methanosarcinales, and Thermoplasmatales were the main Archaea found out in the WWTP of Marrakech (Figure 1). The abundance of Archaea in anaerobic digesters was in concordance to those of previous studies [61,64,65] showed that Archaea was among the most abundant phyla in anaerobic digesters. The dissecting microbial community structure and methane-producing pathways, Methanobacteriales, Methanococcales, Methanomicrobiales, Methanosarcinales, and Methanopyrales were revealed to be present in a full-scale anaerobic reactor digesting activated sludge from wastewater treatment [64].…”

Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) Modulation on Potentially Diarrhea Causing Pathogens in Yaks Through Metagenomics Sequencing

“…The decreased Bacteroidete bacterium in animals contribute to diarrhea. Anaerotruncus can utilize cheese whey to produce acetic and butyric acids [68]. The decreased Anaerotruncus sp.…”

Bacterial communities in mining soils and surrounding areas under regeneration process in a former ore mine

“… 62 , 63 “Carbohydrate metabolism” involves a complex series of enzymatic steps to convert external substrate into metabolic precursors, such as acetyl-CoA, pyruvate, and d -fructose-6-phosphate, and it involves a hydrolysis reaction in which polymers are hydrolyzed to monomers. 64 , 65 The “membrane transport” pathway involves an efflux of the irritant metals outside the cell by transporters, transformation of the metals into non-toxic/less toxic forms, and biosorption. Often, biosorption and enzymatic conversion of metal into another form occur at the same time; a metal may be absorbed into the cell, which precipitate the metal as salt.…”