Predictive factors for the Nursing Diagnoses in people living with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Abstract

Objective: to identify the predictive factors for the nursing diagnoses in people living with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Method: a cross-sectional study, undertaken with 113 people living with AIDS. The data were collected using an interview script and physical examination. Logistic regression was used for the data analysis, considering a level of significance of 10%. Results: the predictive factors identified were: for the nursing diagnosis of knowledge deficit-inadequate following of instructions and verbalization of the problem; for the nursing diagnosis of failure to adhere - years of study, behavior indicative of failure to adhere, participation in the treatment and forgetfulness; for the nursing diagnosis of sexual dysfunction - family income, reduced frequency of sexual practice, perceived deficit in sexual desire, perceived limitations imposed by the disease and altered body function. Conclusion: the predictive factors for these nursing diagnoses involved sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, defining characteristics, and related factors, which must be taken into consideration during the assistance provided by the nurse.

Classification of clinical risk in people with AIDS followed up in specialized care

“…Due to immunocompromising, the occurrence of opportunistic diseases contributes to the increase of hospitalizations and deaths related to the disease, reducing the survival and quality of life of infected individuals, even after the institution of ART (14) . In addition, there is evidence that treatment of opportunistic and chronic diseases may interfere with antiretroviral tolerance, increasing the risk of toxicity, which needs to be considered in the management and control of specific pharmacotherapy (13) .…”

“…For the nurse, in particular, the clinical risk classification can contribute to the prediction of human responses associated with the exacerbation of the disease (indicative of nursing diagnoses) (14) , thus contributing to the systematization of care, focusing on the subjects and their needs and proactive action in the design and monitoring of the care plan. Thus, risk classification can support the expression of the clinical nursing practice in specialized care for people living with AIDS and thus contribute to coping with a fragility in this level of care, identified in a national study (19) .…”

“…The score proposed from the clinical indicators (TL-CD4+, VL, clinical manifestations, opportunistic and chronic diseases) and its association with sociodemographic variables may contribute to the qualification of the clinical and managerial performance of nurses, especially in specialized HIV care, in which it is recognized that there is a need for all professionals involved in care to work hard so that their actions positively influence the lives of the people on follow-up (14) , in a perspective of offering interprofessional and interdisciplinary care, necessary to coping with the disease.…”

Diagnósticos de enfermagem no domínio enfrentamento e tolerância ao estresse em pacientes com AIDS [Nursing diagnoses in the coping and stress tolerance domain in patients with AIDS]

“…A ansiedade é um dos principais presságios do estresse e pode ser conceituada como um vago e incomodo sentimento de desconforto ou temor, acompanhado de resposta autonômica, cuja fonte geralmente é desconhecida pelo individuo, mas configurada fisiologicamente como a liberação excessiva de catecolaminas pelas terminações nervosas pré--sinápticas e absorvidas por células presentes na fenda pós-sináptica. Configurando assim, um quadro sintomatológico, como inquietações, pulso rápido, taquicardia, apreensão e insegurança [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Corroborando com os achados, estudo realizado em um Hospital Universitário no Estado de Minas Gerais, apontaram que o diagnóstico de ansiedade esteve presente na maioria dos pacientes com AIDS apresentando dissociação entre as características definidoras do estudo, pois a maior prevalência foi à apreensão, ansiedade, medo e insônia, estando relacionado aos fatores de situação econômica e mudança no estado de saúde…”

“…As representações construídas pela sociedade acerca da sexualidade masculina e feminina traz significativa contribuição para a divergência de exposição entre os dois grupos, de modo que os homens tornam-se expostos pela maior propensão a um número maior de parceiras, de uso de álcool e outras drogas Os dados foram coletados período de março a setembro de 2014, por meio de um roteiro de entrevista e exame físico que contemplavam os dados sociodemográficos (idade, sexo, situação conjugal, e renda familiar), comportamentais e clínicos, embasados na taxonomia II da NANDA 9 , sendo aplicados aos pacientes que se encontravam na enfermaria do hospital, respeitando toda a privacidade e idoneidade dos mesmos.…”