Predictive factors for 1‐year outcome of chronic low back pain following manipulation, stabilizing exercises, and physician consultation or physician consultation alone

Abstract

Psychosocial differences seem to be important determinants for treatment outcomes, and should be the focus of future studies.

Chronic non-specific low back pain – sub-groups or a single mechanism?

“…While acknowledging these problems, there is little evidence from clinical studies of a patient profile that responds uniquely to a given intervention. Pain intensity, duration of the problem and distress appear repeatedly as important predictors of outcome regardless of the type of treatment [ 30 , 90 , 92 - 96 ]. There is a sense that the characteristics of patients who do poorly or well with treatment are the same regardless of the intervention [ 92 , 93 ] and may simply be a reflection of severity.…”

The efficacy of manual therapy and exercise for different stages of non-specific low back pain: an update of systematic reviews

“…Acute and subacute categories were combined because of their similarities in contrast to chronic LBP category, where psycho-social factors appear more important. 16,49,50 N LBP is defined as pain in the lower back between the lowest ribs and inferior gluteal folds. 46,51 Given that people with LBP may present with radicular pain, LBP is defined according to the following QuebecTask-Force (QTF) classification: (1) LBP alone (QTF 1), (2) LBP with radiating pain into the thigh but not below the knee (QTF 2), (3) LBP with nerve root pain without neurologic deficit (QTF 3), or (4) LBP with nerve root pain with neurologic deficit (QTF 4).…”

Pretreatment anxiety and pain acceptance are associated with response to trigger point injection therapy for chronic myofascial pain

“…These factors are identified within biopsychosocial conceptualizations of pain and include, but are not limited to, cognitive factors (e.g., pain beliefs), affective responses (e.g., anxiety, depression) and behavioural factors (e.g., activity avoidance). Factors which impact upon the efficacy of pain management include a range of variables such as pain catastrophizing , distress , depression , anxiety , perceived stress , self‐efficacy , negative illness perceptions , perceptions of life control and pretreatment pain intensity and pain interference . These variables have been identified across numerous pain treatments including radiofrequency and injection therapy , median branch blocks , interocclusal appliance treatment , multimodal rehabilitation programs and surgical procedures such as total knee arthroplasty .…”