Predictions of secondary neutrons and their importance to radiation effects inside the international space station

Armstrong, T. W.; Colborn, B. L.

doi:10.1016/s1350-4487(00)00152-9

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In our experimental set-up, a combination of single beams of low-LET g rays and high-LET neutron rays was chosen. The high-LET neutrons are important because they are among the most important secondary radiation particles found in the space craft in terms of radiation protection (that is, biological effectiveness) (Armstrong and Colborn, 2001;Benton and Benton, 2001;Mitaroff and Silari, 2002). When passing through the skin and structure of the ISS, primary ionizing particles can undergo interactions with the nuclei that constitute the spaceship's mass, producing a wide variety of secondary particles, such as neutrons, protons, recoil nuclei, projectile fragments, g-particles and so on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When passing through the skin and structure of the ISS, primary ionizing particles can undergo interactions with the nuclei that constitute the spaceship's mass, producing a wide variety of secondary particles, such as neutrons, protons, recoil nuclei, projectile fragments, g-particles and so on. These particles occupy a quite broad energy spectrum and range from low-LET to high-LET including LET values from approximately 10 À1 to 10 3 keV mm À1 (Armstrong and Colborn, 2001;Benton and Benton, 2001). Therefore, the difference between single beam ground-based irradiation (g and neutron with a maximum LET of 250 keV mm À1 ) and the complex mixture of particles over a wide range of energy inside the ISS could account for discrepancies that need to be taken into account when comparing ground simulation with space flight data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental design and environmental parameters affect Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H response to space flight

et al. 2009

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In view of long-haul space exploration missions, the European Space Agency initiated the MicroEcological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) project targeting the total recycling of organic waste produced by the astronauts into oxygen, water and food using a loop of bacterial and higher plant bioreactors. In that purpose, the a-proteobacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H, was sent twice to the International Space Station and was analyzed post-flight using a newly developed R. rubrum whole genome oligonucleotide microarray and high throughput gel-free proteomics with Isotope-Coded Protein Label technology. Moreover, in an effort to identify a specific response of R. rubrum S1H to space flight, simulation of microgravity and space-ionizing radiation were performed on Earth under identical culture set-up and growth conditions as encountered during the actual space journeys. Transcriptomic and proteomic data were integrated and permitted to put forward the importance of medium composition and culture set-up on the response of the bacterium to space flight-related environmental conditions. In addition, we showed for the first time that a low dose of ionizing radiation (2 mGy) can induce a significant response at the transcriptomic level, although no change in cell viability and only a few significant differentially expressed proteins were observed. From the MELiSSA perspective, we could argue the effect of microgravity to be minimized, whereas R. rubrum S1H could be more sensitive to ionizing radiation during long-term space exploration mission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental design and environmental parameters affect Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H response to space flight

et al. 2009

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“…Even at space flight altitudes, neutrons give a large contribution to the radiation effects on both human tissue and electronic equipment [12]. Cancer treatment with fast neutrons is performed routinely at several facilities around the world, and represents today one of the largest therapy modalities besides the conventional treatments with photons and electrons.…”

Section: Medical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muons do not interact strongly with nuclei, and therefore neutrons are most important for SEU. Even onboard spacecraft, neutrons produced in the aluminum structure, contribute, on a level comparable to protons, to radiation effects in both electronics and human tissue [12].…”

Section: Neutron-induced Electronic Failuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-Ion Production and Fission Studies Using the Medley Facility at TSL

Pomp¹,

Blomgren²,

Hayashi³

et al. 2007

Proceedings of International Workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors and Applications — PoS(FNDA2006)

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The MEDLEY facility at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala has successfully been used in several light-ion production and elastic scattering experiments at 96 MeV. The recent upgrade of the neutron beam facility at TSL now makes the energy range up to 175 MeV accessible. To match the higher energies MEDLEY has been equipped with larger CsI detectors and first tests runs have been performed. The research program at MEDLEY has been extended to include, e.g., studies of neutron-induced fission, especially angular distributions of the fission fragments, over a wide energy range. We present the current status of the facility and the planned research program.

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“…Examples are dosimetry at commercial aircraft altitudes and in space [1,2] and radiation treatment of cancer within the field of medicine [3], soft-error effects in computer memory within electronics [4], and energy production and transmutation of nuclear waste [5] within energy applications. For all these applications, an improved understanding of neutron interactions is needed for calculations of neutron transport and radiation effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of neutron-induced light-ion production with the MEDLEY facility

Tippawan

Pomp

Andersson

et al. 2007

Nd2007

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Abstract. The growing interest in applications involving high-energy neutrons (E > 20 MeV) demands high-quality experimental data on neutron-induced reactions. Such data have been measured with the MEDLEY setup at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), Uppsala, Sweden. It has been used to measure differential cross sections for elastic nd scattering and double-differential cross sections for light-ion production (A ≤ 4) with targets ranging from C to U and at incident neutron energies around 96 MeV. We summarize the experimental results obtained so far and compared with theoretical reaction model calculations. A new method for correcting charged-particle spectra for thick target effects has been used for data obtained with the MEDLEY facility. The new quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam facility of TSL offers the possibility to extend these measurements up to neutron energies of 175 MeV. In January 2007, the neutron beam facility at TSL has been equipped with improved shielding and pre-collimator to reduce the background observed with MEDLEY during the first experimental campaigns at 175 MeV to an acceptable level. We present the current status of the MEDLEY facility after the shielding upgrade. We summarize also our ongoing projects including both measurements of light-ion production at 175 MeV from C to U targets and fission studies of U-238 in the energy region of 11 to 175 MeV.

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Predictions of secondary neutrons and their importance to radiation effects inside the international space station

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental design and environmental parameters affect Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H response to space flight

Experimental design and environmental parameters affect Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H response to space flight

Light-Ion Production and Fission Studies Using the Medley Facility at TSL

Studies of neutron-induced light-ion production with the MEDLEY facility

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