Prediction of torrefied biomass properties from raw biomass

Kartal, Furkan; Özveren, Uğur

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2021.10.042

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…During torrefaction, biomass loses oxygen and hydrogen, producing a carbon-rich solid product with increased heating value . The torrefied material decreases in moisture content and takes on a more hydrophobic microstructure, with a compositional change transforming the fibrous nature of biomass into a more grindable char . The lignocellulosic material transforms from a white-brown-gray virgin material to a dark-gray/black char, with a concomitant increase in the degree of carbon–carbon bond unsaturation and aromaticity .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…61 The torrefied material decreases in moisture content and takes on a more hydrophobic microstructure, with a compositional change transforming the fibrous nature of biomass into a more grindable char. 62 The lignocellulosic material transforms from a white-brown-gray virgin material to a dark-gray/black char, with a concomitant increase in the degree of carbon−carbon bond unsaturation and aromaticity. 63 These physical and chemical changes to biomass significantly reduce the capability of fungi and bacteria to degrade biomass to volatile products, yielding a stable solid that can sequester carbon long-term.…”

Section: Torrefied Carbon�process Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

Soeherman

Jones²,

Dauenhauer

2023

ACS Eng. Au

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Atmospheric carbon poses an existential threat to civilization via global climate change. Hundreds of gigatonnes of carbon dioxide must be removed from earth's atmosphere in the next three decades, necessitating a low-cost, energy-efficient process to extract low concentrations of carbon dioxide for conversion to a stable material permanently stored for thousands of years. In this work, the challenge of removing gigatonnes of CO 2 is described via the scale of effort and the thermodynamics of collecting and reducing this diffuse chemical, the accumulation of which imparts a substantial entropy penalty on any atmospheric carbon capture process. The methods of CO 2 reduction combined with upstream direct air capture (DAC) including absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption are compared with biomass torrefaction and permanent burial (BTB). A Monte Carlo model assesses the mass, energy, and economics of the full process of biomass torrefaction from biomass collection and transport to stable carbon burial to determine that 95% of scenarios could remove carbon for less than $200 per CO 2 -tonne-equivalent. Torrefied carbon is further discussed for its long-term stability and availability at the scale required to substantially mitigate the threat of climate change.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Torrefied Carbon�process Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

Soeherman

Jones²,

Dauenhauer

2023

ACS Eng. Au

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show abstract

“…11 Due to these advantages, ML can be applied to the prediction of torrefied biomass properties to avoid repetitive experiments. For torrefied biomass, the artificial neural network (ANN) models were most frequently used to predict the yields, 12,13 the CHO contents and HHV, 9 and the exergy 14 of torrefied biomass. In addition to the ANNs, several other models have also been developed to predict the properties of torrefied product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 In order to estimate the torrefaction process, characterization of torreed biomass properties is necessary. 9 Higher heating value (HHV), an important parameter for designing the biomass conversion facilities, is either experimentally tested by a calorimeter bomb or mathematically calculated using Channiwala and Parikh's correlation based on the proximate and ultimate analysis results. 4,10 These characterizations always require repetitive experiments and subsequently instrumental analysis or mathematical method, consuming lots of time, costs and manpower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the high heating value and nitrogen content of torrefied biomass using a support vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm

2023

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“…decreases in moisture and takes on a more hydrophobic microstructure, with a compositional change transforming the fibrous nature of biomass into a more grindable char. [62] The lignocellulosic material transforms from a white-brown-grey virgin material to a dark-grey/black char, with a concomitant increase in the degree of carboncarbon bond unsaturation and aromaticity. [63] These physical and chemical changes to biomass significantly reduce the capability of fungi and bacteria to degrade biomass to volatile products, yielding a stable solid that can sequester carbon long term.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

Soeherman

Jones²,

Dauenhauer

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atmospheric carbon poses an existential threat to civilization via global climate change. Hundreds of gigatonnes of carbon dioxide must be removed from Earth’s atmosphere in the next three decades, necessitating a low-cost, energy-efficient process to extract low concentrations of carbon dioxide for conversion to a stable material permanently stored for thousands of years. In this work, the challenge of removing gigatonnes of CO2 is described via the scale of effort and the thermodynamics of collecting and reducing this diffuse chemical, the accumulation of which imparts a substantial entropy penalty on any atmospheric carbon capture process. The methods of CO2 reduction combined with upstream direct air capture (DAC) including absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption are compared with biomass torrefaction and permanent burial (BTB). A Monte Carlo model assesses the mass, energy, and economics of the full process of biomass torrefaction from biomass collection and transport to stable carbon burial to determine that 95% of scenarios could remove carbon for less than $200 per CO2-tonne-equivalent. Torrefied carbon is further discussed for its long-term stability and availability at the scale required to substantially mitigate the threat of climate change.

show abstract

Prediction of torrefied biomass properties from raw biomass

Cited by 31 publications

References 100 publications

Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

Predicting the high heating value and nitrogen content of torrefied biomass using a support vector machine optimized by a sparrow search algorithm

Overcoming the Entropy Penalty of Direct Air Capture for Efficient Gigatonne Removal of Carbon Dioxide

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