Prediction of thermodynamic properties of the ternary azeotropic mixtures

Maalem, Youcef; Zarfa, Abdnour; Tamene, Youcef; Fedali, Saida; Madani, Hakim

doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2020.112613

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The present results obtained from the model proposed by Maalem et al [14] performs a high degree of agreement with the aforementioned sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The relative errors found when comparing the experimental and calculated values for each ternary system are well within acceptable limits. This comparison stands out well when considering the research conducted by Maalem et al [14]. They used three different models (relative volatility, NRTL, and Wilson) to predict azeotropic compositions and pressures for the same ternary mixtures.…”

Section: Azeotropic Predictionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Our primary objective is the development of an innovative and robust method for predicting azeotrope positions in complex multicomponent mixtures. Extensive research conducted within our research group [14], [15] has laid the foundation for this endeavor. In this study, a novel approach is introduced for the direct determination of azeotropes, both empirically from experimental data and theoretically through the employment of the PC-SAFT thermodynamic model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calculation of Azeotropic Properties for Ternary Mixtures with the PC-SAFT Equation of State

Zemmouri,

Madanı,

Anoune

et al. 2024

International Journal of Thermodynamics

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In this study, a novel approach employing the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) Equation of State was introduced to investigate azeotropic behavior in ternary mixtures and explore their liquid-vapor equilibria. The temperature range spans (243.15323.5) K, covering a broad spectrum of conditions relevant to industrial and chemical processes. Our analysis focuses on six different ternary mixtures: Difluoromethane (R32) + 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a) + 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropro-1-ene (R1234yf); Isobutane (R600a) + 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a) + 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134); 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) + 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropro-1-ene (R1234yf) + isobutane (R600a); 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) + 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropro-1-ene (R1234yf) + dimethyl ether (DME); isobutene (R600a) + 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R12345ze(E)) + trifluoroiodomethane (R13I1); and difluoromethane (R32) + fluoroethane (R161) + 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)). Among these, only three mixtures exhibit azeotropic behavior. The PC-SAFT equation of state, incorporating an expansion form tailored for Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) calculations within ternary mixtures, determined azeotropic composition and pressure based on the Gibbs-Konovalov theorem, which characterizes azeotropic behavior under constant temperature. Our estimations of the VLE and azeotropic composition and pressure closely align with experimental data. The maximum relative error in pressure does not exceed 4.2% for the R600a + R152a + R134 mixture and remains less than 6.56% for the liquid composition of R1234ze(E) within the (R600a + R1234ze(E) + R13I1) ternary mixture. These results underscore the reliability and accuracy of the PC-SAFT equation of state in modeling azeotropes within ternary mixtures.

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“…The present results obtained from the model proposed by Maalem et al [14] performs a high degree of agreement with the aforementioned sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Azeotropic Predictionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Calculation of Azeotropic Properties for Ternary Mixtures with the PC-SAFT Equation of State

Zemmouri,

Madanı,

Anoune

et al. 2024

International Journal of Thermodynamics

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“…Determining the critical temperature can allow for an improved design that reduces energy consumption, thereby making this approach more economical. This may be because the increase in temperature enhances the volatilization of pollutants, and pollutants can form azeotropes with other substances such as water, which reduces the boiling point (Maalem, Zarfa, Tamene, Fedali, & Madani, 2020). This discovery could be combined with numerical simulations or an experimental study of the temperature-eld distribution to determine the injection well spacing and remediation-area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study On Critical Temperatures For Naphthalene And Chlorobenzene Removal During In Situ Steam Injection Remediation

Liu¹,

Yang²,

Zhao³

2021

Preprint

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Steam injection is an effective technique for the in situ remediation of volatile and semi-volatile organic contaminants. In this study, the influence of temperature and media on the removal of organic pollutants, such as naphthalene and chlorobenzene, was investigated in the remediation process through batch and remediation experiments, and the solid, liquid, and gaseous phase migration and transformation of organic pollutants during remediation were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the temperature significantly influenced the removal of organic pollutants. It was found that the critical temperatures for naphthalene and chlorobenzene were 50°C and 30°C, respectively. When the temperature was higher than the critical temperature, the final removal rates of naphthalene and chlorobenzene reached over 94% and 96%, respectively. The remediation area of chlorobenzene determined according to the critical temperature has a good result; the error compared with the actual remediation area in both coarse sand and fine sand was approximately 8.7%. In the simulation tank, the temperature changes can be divided into three stages: the ambient temperature stage, the temperature rapid rise stage, and the stable stage. Moreover, we found that the remediation effect of aquifers is not only related to temperature, but also to the location of the SVE well (soil vapour extraction). These findings reveal the main factors affecting the application of hot steam technology and the relationship between the temperature field and contamination field in the remediation process.

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“…During steam injection remediation, the removal rate of organic compounds increases with an increase in temperature, and the remediation efficiency increases significantly at boiling point [8,25,26]. Some organics can form azeotropes with water at temperatures lower than their boiling point [27,28]. Therefore, a lower azeotropic temperature can quickly remove organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Ethanol-Enhanced Steam Injection Remediation in Nitrobenzene-Contaminated Heterogeneous Aquifers

et al. 2021

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Steam injection is an effective technique for the remediation of aquifers polluted with volatile organic compounds. However, the application of steam injection technology requires a judicious selection of stratum media because the remediation effect of hot steam in heterogeneous layers with low permeability is not suitable. In this study, the removal effect of nitrobenzene in an aquifer was investigated through a series of two-dimensional sandbox experiments with different stratigraphic structures. Four types of alcohols were used during steam injection remediation to enhance the removal effect of nitrobenzene (NB)-contaminated heterogeneous aquifers. The principle of the removal mechanism of alcohol-enhanced organic compounds is that alcohols can reduce the surface tension of the contaminated water, resulting in Marangoni convection, thereby enhancing mass and heat transfer. The addition of alcohol may also reduce the azeotropic temperature of the system and enhance the volatility of organic compounds. The study revealed that all four alcohol types could reduce the surface tension from 72 mN/m to <30 mN/m. However, among these, only ethanol reduced the azeotropic temperature of NB by 15 °C, thereby reducing energy consumption and remediation costs. Therefore, ethanol was selected as an enhancing agent to reduce both surface tension and azeotropic temperature during steam injection. In the 2-D simulation tank, the interface between the low-and high-permeability strata in the layered heterogeneous aquifer had a blocking effect on steam transportation, which in turn caused a poor remediation effect in the upper low-permeability stratum. In the lens heterogeneous aquifer, steam flows around the lens, thereby weakening the remediation effect. After adding ethanol to the low-permeability zone, Marangoni convection was enhanced, which further enhanced the mass and heat transfer. In the layered and lens heterogeneous aquifers, the area affected by steam increased by 13% and 14%, respectively. Moreover, the average concentration of NB was reduced by 51% in layered heterogeneous aquifers and by 58% in low-permeability lenses by ethanol addition. These findings enhance the remediation effect of steam injection in heterogeneous porous media and contribute to improve the remediation efficiency of heterogeneous aquifers by steam injection.

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Prediction of thermodynamic properties of the ternary azeotropic mixtures

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Calculation of Azeotropic Properties for Ternary Mixtures with the PC-SAFT Equation of State

Calculation of Azeotropic Properties for Ternary Mixtures with the PC-SAFT Equation of State

Study On Critical Temperatures For Naphthalene And Chlorobenzene Removal During In Situ Steam Injection Remediation

Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Ethanol-Enhanced Steam Injection Remediation in Nitrobenzene-Contaminated Heterogeneous Aquifers

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