Prediction of the Weld Pool Stability by Material Flow Behavior of the Perforated Weld Pool

Lang, Ruiqing; Han, Yongquan; Bai, Xueyu; Hocheng, H.

doi:10.3390/ma13020303

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The early studies only correlated the arc pressure with the square of the welding current [ 26 , 27 ]. Though Li et al [ 28 ] and Lang et al [ 29 ] proposed other factors such as density, the nozzle exit area, and plasma gas flow rate, their formulae were suitable for the conventional PAW. Equation (12) is for the U-PAW process.…”

Section: Formula Of Plasma Arc Pressure In U-pawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Keyhole and Weld Pool Behaviors in Ultrasonic-Assisted Plasma Arc Welding Process

Qiao

2021

Materials

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The acoustic radiation force driving the plasma jet and the ultrasound reflection at the plasma arc-weld pool interface are considered to modify the formulas of gas shear stress and plasma arc pressure on the anode surface in ultrasonic-assisted plasma arc welding (U-PAW). A transient model taking into account the dynamic changes of heat flux, gas shear stress, and arc pressure on the keyhole wall is developed. The keyhole and weld pool behaviors are numerically simulated to predict the heat transfer and fluid flow in the weld pool and dynamic keyhole evolution process. The model is experimentally validated. The simulation results show that the acoustic radiation force increases the plasma arc velocity, and then increases both the plasma arc pressure and the gas shear stress on the keyhole wall, so that the keyholing capability is enhanced in U-PAW.

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Section: Formula Of Plasma Arc Pressure In U-pawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Keyhole and Weld Pool Behaviors in Ultrasonic-Assisted Plasma Arc Welding Process

Qiao

2021

Materials

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“…Xu et al [41] optimized the oscillating parameters in narrow-gap GMA welding via simulation. Additionally, Lang et al [42] predicted the molten pool stability during variable polarity plasma arc welding (VPPAW).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten Pool Behaviors in Double-Sided Pulsed GMAW of T-Joint: A Numerical Study

Zhang

Wang

Lin

2021

Metals

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The T-joint is one of the essential types of joints in aluminum welded structures. Double-sided welding is a preferable solution to maintain high efficiency and avoid significant distortion during T-joint welding. However, interactions between double-sided molten pools make flow behaviors complicated during welding. Numerical simulations regarding molten pool behaviors were conducted in this research to understand the complex flow phenomenon. The influences of wire feed rates and torch distances were simulated and discussed. The results show that droplet impinging drives the fluid to flow down to the root and form a frontward vortex. Marangoni stress forces the fluid to form an outward vortex near the molten pool boundary and flatten the concave-shaped molten pool surface. With an increased wire feed speed, the volume of the molten pool increases, and the root fusion is improved. With an increased torch distance, the width of the front molten pool decreases while the length increases, and the rear molten pool size decreases slightly. Both wire feed speeds and the torch distances have limited influences on the basic flow characteristics.

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“…As a high-performance metal for lightweight equipment, aluminum alloys are widely used in manufacturing applications in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their high specific strength and good thermal stability [ 1 , 2 ]. The development of Al-alloy manufacturing industries is inseparable from the processing technologies used, especially the joining process of welding [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of Weld Pool and Elimination of Weld Defects in Aluminum Alloy Plasma Arc Keyhole Welding at Continuously Varying Positions

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2021

Materials

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Mathematical statistics were used to study the stability of weld pool and the elimination of weld defects in aluminum alloy plasma arc keyhole welding at continuously varying positions. In the mathematical model, the mass transfer position and spatial welding position were taken as the input, and the shape of the welded joints (symmetry/deviation) was taken as the output. The results showed that the fitted curves of the front, back, and average deviations of the weld seam were all similar to the actual curves. According to the optimum results obtained in the experiment and the mathematical models, the mass transfer position only needs to be adjusted once (near to 30°) during the continuously varying positions, from vertical-up to horizontal welding. A breakthrough from fixed environmental variables to dynamic environmental variables in the process control of the keyhole weld pool was realized, which enabled the Al-alloy keyhole weld pool to resist the disturbance caused by gravity during variable position welding. The deviation of the welded joints of the whole plate was smaller than 0.5 mm, and the mechanical properties of the weld reached at least 85% compared to those of the base material, thus meeting the requirements of Al-alloy welding.

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Prediction of the Weld Pool Stability by Material Flow Behavior of the Perforated Weld Pool

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Numerical Analysis of Keyhole and Weld Pool Behaviors in Ultrasonic-Assisted Plasma Arc Welding Process

Numerical Analysis of Keyhole and Weld Pool Behaviors in Ultrasonic-Assisted Plasma Arc Welding Process

Molten Pool Behaviors in Double-Sided Pulsed GMAW of T-Joint: A Numerical Study

Stability of Weld Pool and Elimination of Weld Defects in Aluminum Alloy Plasma Arc Keyhole Welding at Continuously Varying Positions

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