Prediction of the HF Ionospheric Channel Stability Based on the Modified ITS Model

Yan, Zhaowen; Zhang, Lanlan; Rahman, Toyobur; Su, Donglin

doi:10.1109/tap.2013.2249571

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The applicability and limitations of the IRI model are discussed in Appendix A . We use the methods in [ 23 ] to generate the received signals. For each link, the optimal weights should be set according to its NLOS bias.…”

Section: Simulation and Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved TDOA Method for Land-Based Long-Range HF Skywave Source Geolocation and Experimental Results

Chen

Cai

Gao

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The real-time information of the unknown ionospheric environments is difficult to obtain, plaguing the timely and accurate geolocation of high frequency (HF) sources. In this paper, we propose an improved HF skywave source geolocation method based on the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) with the semidefinite programming (SDP), and model HF signal propagation paths as paths with significant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) biases. With this method, no priori information about the ionosphere, especially the priori ionospheric virtual heights of reflection, is necessary while timely and accurately geolocating the HF sources. Furthermore, we use the ray tracing technique and build a 3D ionospheric electron density gridded matrix model to simulate realistic HF signal propagation paths. In the simulations, the proposed method is compared with existing methods, and detailed geolocation error distribution maps are given. In the experiments, HF I/Q data captured from different types of HF transmitters are located by six receivers with time synchronization. Simulated and experimental results show that the proposed method improves the positioning accuracy by about 50% compared with existing methods under the same conditions, and the average relative positioning error is less than 2.7%.

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Section: Simulation and Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved TDOA Method for Land-Based Long-Range HF Skywave Source Geolocation and Experimental Results

Chen

Cai

Gao

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…It influences sky waves, challenging radio propagation and wireless communication [2]. hmF2 is an important parameter of the F2 layer in the ionosphere, which serves as the basis for predicting the usable frequency [3] by reflecting the ionosphere [4]. Namely, usable frequency and propagation loss [5] are a function of hmF2, which indicates the height characteristics and changes of the ionospheric F2 layer [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prediction Method of Ionospheric hmF2 Based on Machine Learning

et al. 2023

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The ionospheric F2 layer is the essential layer in the propagation of high-frequency radio waves, and the peak electron density height of the ionospheric F2 layer (hmF2) is one of the important parameters. To improve the predicted accuracy of hmF2 for further improving the ability of HF skywave propagation prediction and communication frequency selection, we present an interpretable long-term prediction model of hmF2 using the statistical machine learning (SML) method. Taking Moscow station as an example, this method has been tested using the ionospheric observation data from August 2011 to October 2016. Only by inputting sunspot number, month, and universal time into the proposed model can the predicted value of hmF2 be obtained for the corresponding time. Finally, we compare the predicted results of the proposed model with those of the International Reference Ionospheric (IRI) model to verify its stability and reliability. The result shows that, compared with the IRI model, the predicted average statistical RMSE decreased by 5.20 km, and RRMSE decreased by 1.78%. This method is expected to provide ionospheric parameter prediction accuracy on a global scale.

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“…A more accurate wideband modeling has been reported in [4], with validation against measurement over 800 kHz bandwidth on a 2070 km link [5,6]. Nevertheless, this model is complicated because it consists many factors gained from ionosonde measurement that is not always available everywhere [7]. Channel impulse response measurements for longer distance (more than 3000 km) have also been reported in [4][5][6], all of which were made in mid-latitude regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Modeling of Low-Latitude Long-Distance Hf Ionospheric Multi-Mode Channels

Kurniawati¹,

Hendrantoro²,

Wirawan³

et al. 2018

PIER M

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Studies have been reported in the literature on High Frequency (HF) radio channels in mid-latitude areas more frequently than in low latitudes, where the ionospheric channels might behave differently. This paper reports a statistical model of HF sky wave channel complex impulse response and its parameters, i.e., channel gain, path gain, phase shift, and delay spread statistics, derived from both simulation and measurement on a 3044 km link in Indonesia. Evaluations show that multipaths observed with respect to their propagation delays form multiple clusters corresponding to different propagation modes. The channel gain is found to be Rayleigh distributed, whereas the rms and maximum delay spread exhibit Rayleigh and Gaussian distributions, respectively. This model can be used in performance evaluation of digital communication schemes in low-latitude HF channels.

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Prediction of the HF Ionospheric Channel Stability Based on the Modified ITS Model

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

An Improved TDOA Method for Land-Based Long-Range HF Skywave Source Geolocation and Experimental Results

An Improved TDOA Method for Land-Based Long-Range HF Skywave Source Geolocation and Experimental Results

A Prediction Method of Ionospheric hmF2 Based on Machine Learning

Statistical Modeling of Low-Latitude Long-Distance Hf Ionospheric Multi-Mode Channels

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