Prediction of the bioconcentration factor in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) using data from the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test

Abstract

An approach to predicting the bioconcentration factor (BCFpre ) from the predicted uptake rate constant (k1 pre ) and the depuration rate constant measured in the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test (k2 dietary ) [BCFpre = k1 pre /k2 dietary ] is proposed in test guideline 305 of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals. Data were collected on the BCFs of 197 test chemicals from Japan's Chemical Substances Control Law database. To demonstrate how the BCFpre compares with experimentally derived BCF under optimum conditions, 48 of 197 test chemicals, including a number of studies that could be considered problematic, were excluded from the analysis. The k1 pre was calculated by using 22 published prediction methods: the correlations between experimental uptake rate constants (k1 aqueous ) and k1 pre for all prediction methods were very low and were statistically nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Three prediction methods were also selected that gave relatively good values for the geometric mean of k1 pre /k1 aqueous and calculated values of BCFpre for 12 test chemicals. Linear relationships (p < 0.05) are presented between logarithm of experimental and predicted BCF. The correlation coefficients of growth-corrected experimental and predicted BCF tended to be higher than values that were not growth corrected. For some test chemicals, use of predicted BCF led to a bioaccumulation classification different from that of existing regulatory criteria.

Comparison of laboratory‐derived biomagnification factors for hexachlorobenzene in common carp conducted under 9 test conditions

“…Six of Japan's good laboratory practice [15] laboratories volunteered to conduct the studies for the ring test. The BMF kgL values for HCB in common carp in previous studies have been reported to be higher than 1 [10][11][12], but the BMF kgL values in the ring test were below 1 for all 6 laboratories. The results revealed that the lipid-corrected, growth-corrected kinetic BMF (BMF kgL ) varied by more than a factor of 10 between the laboratories (BMF kgL 0.065-0.82, average 0.32, median 0.24).…”

“…The results revealed that the lipid-corrected, growth-corrected kinetic BMF (BMF kgL ) varied by more than a factor of 10 between the laboratories (BMF kgL 0.065-0.82, average 0.32, median 0.24). The BMF kgL values for HCB in common carp in previous studies have been reported to be higher than 1 [10][11][12], but the BMF kgL values in the ring test were below 1 for all 6 laboratories. The main differences in the test conditions between the ring test and previous studies [10][11][12] were the test food and feeding rate, both of which might have affected the BMF kgL value.…”

“…The tests were conducted according to OECD test guideline 305 [7] using hexachlorobenzene (HCB) as the test chemical and common carp as the test fish. The main differences in the test conditions between the ring test and previous studies [10][11][12] were the test food and feeding rate, both of which might have affected the BMF kgL value. The BMF kgL values for HCB in common carp in previous studies have been reported to be higher than 1 [10][11][12], but the BMF kgL values in the ring test were below 1 for all 6 laboratories.…”

“…The endpoint in this new test is the biomagnification factor (BMF), which is considered to be a meaningful measure of the potential for a chemical to undergo dietary biomagnification in the environment [5,6]. However, there are as yet limited experimental BMF data, and many researchers and regulators are still trying to identify appropriate strategies for assessing the bioaccumulation potential of chemicals using dietary exposure tests [10][11][12][13][14]. However, there are as yet limited experimental BMF data, and many researchers and regulators are still trying to identify appropriate strategies for assessing the bioaccumulation potential of chemicals using dietary exposure tests [10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…The OECD conducted a ring test for the dietary exposure bioaccumulation fish test to confirm the validity of the test before officially adopting it [8,9]. However, there are as yet limited experimental BMF data, and many researchers and regulators are still trying to identify appropriate strategies for assessing the bioaccumulation potential of chemicals using dietary exposure tests [10][11][12][13][14].…”