Prediction of structural failure of tibial bone models under physiological loads: Effect of CT density–modulus relationships

Prediction of local proximal tibial subchondral bone structural stiffness using subject-specific finite element modeling: Effect of selected density–modulus relationship

“…This may be because, despite using different E-BMD equations for cortical and trabecular bones, we still extrapolate these equations for estimating the elastic modulus of voxels with BMD values off the reported range for each equation. Application of each BMD equation for the exact same range it has been proposed, in combination with a customized E-BMD equation for the uncertain mid-range BMD values, may lead to more accurate predictions using QCT-FE (Tuncer et al, 2014).…”

“…Further, the selected empirical relationships have been derived for very specific density ranges (trabecular not more than BMD = 0.39 g/cm 3 ; cortical not less than BMD = 0.80 g/cm 3 ). As such, customizing different E-BMD equations for the uncertain mid-range (0.39-0.80 g/cm 3 ) may improve the prediction ability and accuracy of the QCT-FE technique (Tuncer et al, 2014). Second, this study included an assumption of isotropy for both cortical and trabecular bone while both bone types have orthotropic material properties (Gray et al, 2008;Rho, 1996).…”

Mechanical performance of cementless total knee replacements: It is not all about the maximum loads

“…The elastic modulus was assumed to be dependent on the apparent density, which was linearly related to the Hounsfield Units (HU) from the CT scans. Since the bones were not scanned alongside reference phantoms, we assumed that the 13‐bone average minimum HU (−174.5) corresponded to an apparent density of 0 g/cm 3 , and the 13‐bone average maximum Hounsfield Units (1731) corresponded to a density of 1.8 g/cc . The apparent density was then converted to elastic modulus by combining the empirical relationships from Morgan et al and Snyder and Schneider, which have been shown to adequately predict bone failure under daily activities and to correlate well with experimental data .…”

Total ankle replacement design and positioning affect implant-bone micromotion and bone strains

“…Equation 1 : An empirical relationship between bone density (g/cm 3 ) and radiographic greyscale (Hounsfield Units, HU ) used in this study, as derived from previous studies [34], [38].…”