Prediction of rheological behaviour of wood-polystyrene composites

Kokocinski, W; Poliszko, St.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-49337-9_78

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The average length of fibers was 1279 µm (coefficient of variation was 20%). The average length of fibers was within the range of numerical values contained in the literature [29][30][31]. Determining the proportion of juvenile and mature wood was carried out based on the measurement of the length of wood fibers.…”

Section: Determining the Proportion Of Juvenile And Mature Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density Distribution in Wood of European Birch (Betula pendula Roth.)

Dobrowolska

Wroniszewska

Jankowska

2020

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the presented research is to perform a comprehensive analysis of wood density variability on the longitudinal and transverse cross-section of log trees at the age of 70 to 72 years of Betula pendula Roth. and the creation of density distribution maps. Furthermore, the determination proportion of juvenile and mature wood was done. Wood density was determined with a non-destructive method using an isotopic densimeter. It was found that the wood location, both in cross-section and longitudinal section of the trunk, had a statistically significant effect on the average density of birch wood. The average density of whole logs was significantly higher than the average density at the breast height. On the cross-section, the distribution of average densities determined at the breast height, as well as on 1/4 of the log height, properly depicted the distribution of average densities on the cross-section determined for the whole logs. The geographical direction (north-south) did not have a statistically significant effect on the distribution of average densities on the cross-section of the tested birch logs.In the ring-porous wood species, vessels in juvenile wood are distributed over the entire width of the annual rings as in case diffuse-porous wood species. Another feature that occurs in juvenile wood is the type of perforation in the vessels. In juvenile wood vessels with a simple perforation, ladder perforation was noticed [10]. Mature wood is created by cambium cells when they reach their maximum dimensions. This part of the wooden tissue is characterized by relatively constant cell dimensions and properties [15]. Compared with mature wood, juvenile wood usually stands out by the smaller length of anatomical elements and the proportion of late-wood, which is associated with lower density and worse mechanical properties [6,14,[16][17][18]. Depending on the class and wood species, the strength of juvenile wood constitutes from 50% to 70% of the strength and hardness of mature wood [19].Wood density is one of the most important technological parameters defining its industrial use. The popular species list includes birch wood (Betula) from the birch family (Betulaceae) [20], occurring in almost all of Europe, with the exception of Spain, Greece, and the southern part of Italy, as well as in parts of Asia Minor, Caucasus, and western Siberia. Birch is a pioneer species, rapidly growing and plays an important role in the early stages of primary and secondary succession, as well as in preparing areas for settlement by more demanding species [21]. Moreover, birch belongs to the basic species in plantations of fast-growing forest trees [22]. That wood species is used in industrial applications for the production of plywood, veneers, and furniture, and is a valuable raw material for the pulp, paper, and board industry [3,23]. Due to the significant economic importance of birch wood, many studies on the distribution of density in birch wood have been found in the literature, particularly depending on its age and diam...

show abstract

Section: Determining the Proportion Of Juvenile And Mature Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%