Prediction of Oral Disorders Risk in Newborns and Infants Born Macrosomic Using Their Height-Weight Index at Birth

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to identify the risk factors and to assess the differences in the risk of hard tooth tissue and periodontal tissue diseases formation in macrosomic newborns or infants, depending on their weight-height index at birth, with the help of questionnaire survey. Objects and Methods. The study involved 151 newborns or infants (aged from one day up to 6 months) during the period of 2014-2019. Sixty-eight children born macrosomic comprised the Main Group (MG), and the children of the corresponding age with normal weight-height parameters at birth (83 children) were included into the Comparison Group (CG). The groups were equally represented by male and female participants. MG children were additionally subdivided into 4 subgroups based on the weight-height parametres of a newborn child, using the classification proposed by Kharkiv scholars. The survey was carried out using previously developed questionary, which included 70 questions, divided into 7 scales. Results and Conclusions. The hygienic state of the oral cavity of parents, the presence of concomitant pathology of parents, bad habits and the degree of locomotor activity before pregnancy, and during pregnancy, peculiarities of nutrition and medical therapy of parents influence practically identically on the formation of oral disorders in children born normomic or in children born macrosomic, regardless of their weight-height index at birth. Reliable differences between groups and subgroups were not detected. The effect of the total paternal factor on the formation of oral disorders in individuals with macrosomia at birth, can be different from the effect of this factor in normosomic-at-birth persons, but this difference is related to the same phenomenon that we are studying -the fetal macrosomia, but the paternal one. The highest risk of the oral pathology formation have children whose parents were born macrosomic. A person born macrosomic, on the average, has twice as many complaints about oral health compared to a person born normosomic.