Prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response using diffuse optical spectroscopy in breast cancer

Abstract

PurposeNear-infrared diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) has been recently used to predict neoadjuvant chemotherapy response (NAC). In the present study, we explore the change in blood-oxygen content using DOS to predict NAC response against breast cancer.Materials and methodsA total of 20 patients were enrolled and underwent DOS scan with blood-oxygen detection before each treatment cycle. The first DOS scan was performed before NAC treatment (pretreatment), and subsequent scans were performed after each NAC treatment circle. Changes in blood content and oxygen content by DOS were evaluated and compared with tumor size, and their changes were analyzed in response versus nonresponse group.ResultsThirteen patients were classified into response and seven patients into nonresponse group. The tumor blood content value (−1.06 ± 0.43) and oxygen content value (0.48 ± 0.17) of DOS at pretreatment was significantly different from presurgery in response group (P < 0.05), but not in nonresponse group. In response group, the percentage change in blood content (median 91.19%) was significantly larger than tumor size (median 48.89%) (P = 0.0035), while in oxygen content (median 47.11%) is not (P = 0.2815). Comparing each cycle, the percentage change in blood content could distinguish responder from non-responder as early as after the first treatment cycle (19.1 versus 6.6%, P = 0.0265). Blood content percentage sensitivity was 76.9% and specificity was 85.7% (AUC 0.912), while oxygen content percentage sensitivity was 76.9% and specificity was 71.4% (AUC 0.797).ConclusionBoth blood and oxygen content measured by DOS could be used to discriminate responder to the treatment versus non-responder. Among the two, percentage change of blood content was more precise and earlier than that of oxygen content to predicted breast tumor response. The percentage change in blood content could distinguish responder from non-responder after the first treatment cycle.

Changes in Diffuse Optical Tomography Images During Early Stages of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Correlate with Tumor Response in Different Breast Cancer Subtypes

“…In this study, we demonstrated that DOTBIS measured features change in accordance with pCR status after 2-3 weeks under NAC, and when combined to HER2 status could be a predictive factor for pCR. Our findings complement and extend previous smaller studies conducted from 2007 to 2018 (8,9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)20,21). Giving our larger sample size (n = 89), and multiple imaging time points, we were also able to detect differences within the breast tumor subtypes.…”

“…The present study adds to the body of evidence reported for diffuse optical imaging methods applied to breast cancer treatment response. Our findings complement and extend previous smaller studies conducted from 2007 to 2018 (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) which have identified optical-based imaging markers correlated to pCR at different time points throughout NAC. In a metaanalysis study (19), Liu et al demonstrated that DOT has clinically acceptable predictive values.…”

Influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on diffuse reflectance spectra of tissue in breast surgery specimens

“…Several studies indicate that the effect of chemotherapy can be measured with optical technologies. [12][13][14] The fact that the optical properties of tissue alter due to chemotherapy is not surprising, as effects of chemotherapy are seen in tumor tissue [15][16][17] as well as in healthy breast tissue. [16][17][18][19][20] However, currently, it is unclear if the contrast between healthy tissue and tumor tissue is affected by chemotherapy.…”

Diffuse optical spectroscopy for monitoring the responses of patients with breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy

“…DOT can detect changes in tumor absorption within the first days after the treatment and thus could characterize breast tumor response to NAC at an earlier time than other modalities. [ 4 – 6 ] Previous studies [ 6 – 15 ] showed that DOT is a promising technique for identifying pathologic complete response (pCR) to NAC. However, the diagnostic performance of DOT varies, and it has not been subjected to multicenter studies with large samples.…”