“…However, GFRPs have relatively low tensile strength and modulus and are prone to degrade owing to hydrolysis, plasticization, and swelling of matrices and debonding of fiber/matrices when exposed to hydrothermal conditions [19,20]. By contrast, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites possess excellent chemical and corrosion resistance, and higher modulus and strength, but lower strain at break [21,22,23,24,25]. However, the high cost of CFRPs is a serious drawback and limits its applicability in many engineering structures.…”