Prediction of knot diameter in Picea abies (L.) Karst

Vestøl, Geir I.; Høibø, Olav

doi:10.1007/s001070050484

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…DBH is known to be a very strong predictor for branch dimensions of P. abies at individual tree level (Colin & Houllier, 1992;Vestøl et al, 1999;Vestøl & Høibø, 2001;Moberg, 2006). This fact was supported here by the strong phenotypic correlation found (r p 00.83).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Genetic and environmental variation of internodal and whorl branch formation in a progeny trial of Picea abies

Steffenrem¹,

Lindland

Skr⊘ppa³

2008

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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Progenies from a natural stand of Picea abies planted on a forest site with heterogeneous growth conditions were characterized for genetic and environmental control of internodal and whorl branch formation and lammas growth. The progenies studied were 27 years old from seed and planted in a randomized complete block experiment. Internodes and whorls studied were located in the top section of the trees. Significant genetic variation (pB0.01) was found for a number of internodal and whorl branches. Block means for the length of internodes, a strong indicator for the site index in respective blocks, were correlated strongly with branch dimensions (r]0.90), intermediately with the frequency of lammas growth (r00.81) and number of branches in whorls (r00.68), and only weakly with the number of internodal branches per length unit of internode (r00.25). A strong environmental effect on branch dimensions was supported by the relative size of variance components. The results show that the environmental effect expressed by site index dominates the control of branch dimensions, while the number of branches is under stronger genetic control in P. abies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Genetic and environmental variation of internodal and whorl branch formation in a progeny trial of Picea abies

Steffenrem¹,

Lindland

Skr⊘ppa³

2008

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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“…Besides site index and geographical data, timber properties also depend on silviculture, cross-cutting and sorting, and these factors are not taken into account in these models. The variance component analysis and the models assume equal variance due to trees and residual variance across sites, but studies have shown that both the difference between trees and the longitudinal variation in knot size is larger on sites with higher site index (Moberg 2001;Vestøl & Høibø 2001). This means that there is a stronger effect of silviculture on stands with higher site index, and with appropriate silviculture it is possible to obtain better timber properties than predicted by the presented models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Vestøl et al (2012) found that density was somewhat more dependent on site than the bending properties were in a local study in Norway. More dominant trees in a forest stand have both larger knots (Colin & Houllier 1991;Høibø 1991;Vestøl & Høibø 2001) and lower wood density (Høibø 1991;Vestøl et al 2012;Høibø et al 2014). Both these effects lead to lower MOE and MOR in timber from more dominant trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Both these effects lead to lower MOE and MOR in timber from more dominant trees. While knot size increases with increasing distance from the ground followed by a subsequent decrease towards the top (Colin & Houllier 1991;Vestøl & Høibø 2001), the longitudinal variation of wood density is not consistent in Norway spruce. Both a decrease with distance from the ground (Atmer & Thörnqvist 1982) and an increase with distance from ground (Kuçera 1994) have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Between- and within-site variation of density and bending properties ofPicea abiesstructural timber from Norway

Vestøl

Fischer

Høibø

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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This study provides an analysis on the variability of structural timber of Norway spruce (Picea abies) grown in Norway. Density, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength were measured on 1188 boards from 205 trees, sampled from 14 sites throughout Southern Norway, Eastern Norway and Trøndelag. The area represents the procurement area for the majority of Norwegian sawmills. The variability of the timber properties was analysed in a linear mixed model where the random variance was divided into variance due to site, variance due to trees and within-tree variance. Models describing variance due to site based on site index, altitude and latitude were developed, and combined with data from the Norwegian National Forest Inventory to estimate mean values and variability of the timber properties. The results showed that major parts of the variance due to site are explained by altitude and site index, and for density also by latitude. Major parts of the variance due to site and the variance due to trees in bending strength and MOE were explained by density. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…For example, low planting densities may result in thick branches in the most valuable section of the log [6][7][8][9], while planting with high stocking density can effectively reduce the maximum and average branch size [10][11][12][13]. Some studies have also demonstrated that the angle of live branches became steeper with increasing planting densities [14,15], and a more acute branch angle might have the potential to cause larger dead knots and higher knot-related defects [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Planting Density on Knot Attributes and Branch Occlusion of Betula alnoides under Natural Pruning in Southern China

Chun-sheng

Zhong

Hein

et al. 2015

Forests

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Knot-related defects are the major cause of timber quality degradation, and diminishing this kind of defects is an important issue in forest management. For the purpose of clear-wood production, knot attributes and branch occlusion of Betula alnoides under natural pruning were investigated in a 14-year-old experimental plantation with five planting densities ranging from 500 to 3333 stems per hectare in southern China, and a total of 1325 occluded branches from 30 trees were sampled and dissected. The mean occluded branch diameter (OBD), radius of knots and branch insertion angle (IA) decreased significantly with increasing planting density. Planting with high stocking density significantly reduced the frequency of thick occluded branches (diameter ≥ 20 mm) while increasing the frequency of small ones (diameter < 10 mm). Branch occlusion time (OT) also tended to increase with OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 1344 decreasing planting density. The results of generalized linear mixed models showed that OBD was the major factor influencing OT, radius of dead portion of knot (RDP), total radius of knot (TRK) and IA. In addition, OT was positively correlated with RDP but negatively correlated with stem diameter growth rate during branch occlusion (SDGR). Silvicultural strategies with appropriate planting density for large-diameter clear-wood production of B. alnoides were discussed.

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Prediction of knot diameter in Picea abies (L.) Karst

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Genetic and environmental variation of internodal and whorl branch formation in a progeny trial of Picea abies

Genetic and environmental variation of internodal and whorl branch formation in a progeny trial of Picea abies

Between- and within-site variation of density and bending properties ofPicea abiesstructural timber from Norway

Effect of Planting Density on Knot Attributes and Branch Occlusion of Betula alnoides under Natural Pruning in Southern China

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