Backgrounds
With increasing screening for breast cancer, non-palpable breast lesions are detected more frequently. A preoperative localization is very important for a minimal but accurate excision of a non-palpable breast lesion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of indocyanine green(ICG)-hyaluronic acid mixture injection as a novel material for localization.
Methods
We performed prospective clinical trial with female patients who underwent surgery for non-palpable breast lesion. 44 patients were sequentially assigned to the control group(localization with activated charcoal), test group 1(ICG-hyaluronic acid mixture 0.1ml), or test group 2(ICG-hyaluronic acid mixture 0.2ml) by 1:1:1 ratio.
Results
Most were over 40 years old, and there were no differences between three groups in age distribution. According to the pathologic results, fibroadenoma accounted for the largest share (38.6%, 17/44) and malignancy accounted for 11.4% (5/44). The marking rate on both breast lesions and excised specimens was over 86% in all groups, and there was no difference. However, skin pigmentation was only in the control group and the accuracy of resection (the greatest length in cm of the excised specimen divided by the greatest length in cm on the pre-operation ultrasound image, the value closer to 1 meant resection as much as the size on ultrasound image) was different significantly. The average was 3.7(range 1.2-13.3) in control group and 2.2 (1.0-4.2) in test 1 group and 2.1(1.0-4.2) in test 2 group.
Conclusion
ICG-hyaluronic acid mixture injection was superior to activated charcoal for localization in patients with non-palpable breast lesions.