Prediction of hearing thresholds in children using an automated toy discrimination test

Palmer, Alan R.; Sheppard, Sarah; Marshall, David

doi:10.3109/03005369109076609

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The 5 dB improvement in WRT from age 2½ to age 5 years was obtained from a sample of 340 children: to our knowledge, this represents one of the largest studies of speech recognition in preschool children. These data are in agreement with Palmer et al (1991) . The improvements are larger in the present study but the reason for this is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The study used an automated version of the McCormick toy discrimination test known as the Institute of Hearing Research (IHR)-McCormick automated toy discrimination test (ATT) ( Ousey et al, 1989 ; Palmer et al, 1991 ; Summerfield et al, 1994 ). The ATT measures the minimum sound level at which a child can identify words presented in quiet in the sound field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported an improvement of 4 to 6 dB between the two age groups. Palmer et al (1991) studied 66 children from two to thirteen years of age and reported a 0.5 dB improvement in word recognition threshold for every one-year increase in age. However, Summerfield et al (1994) used the same test material with 215 children, aged two to thirteen years, and showed no evidence of an improvement in word recognition with age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a significant relationship between the word recognition threshold and the better ear pure-tone average (500, 1000, 4000 Hz: Palmer et al, 1991 ; Summerfield et al, 1994 ). Summer-field et al (1994) evaluated 215 children from a clinical population using the automated toy discrimination test, and described the relationship with better ear pure-tone average as 0.82*word recognition threshold – 9.64 dB.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Developmental changes in word recognition threshold from two to five years of age in children with different middle ear status

Hall

Munro

Heron

2007

International Journal of Audiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims were to: (1) provide word recognition thresholds (WRTs) at 31, 43, and 61 months of age; (2) investigate developmental changes over time; (3) investigate the relationship between OME and WRT, and (4) investigate the relationship between WRT and hearing thresholds. Around 1000 children were tested longitudinally as part of the ALSPAC study, using an adaptive measure of word recognition in quiet. Mean WRTs were 28, 23, and 23 dB (A) at 31, 43, and 61 months, respectively. Normal auditory development is associated with a mean improvement in WRT of 5 dB between age 31 and 61 months. There was a mean increase in WRT of 5 dB and 15 dB when OME was present in one and two ears, respectively. Thus, both unilateral and bilateral OME results in a detrimental effect on hearing ability for speech. Additionally, early and ‘persistent’ OME is associated with greater disability. However by 61 months, previous OME status was not significant. To our knowledge, this is the largest longitudinal study reporting WRT in preschool children with different middle ear status.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Developmental changes in word recognition threshold from two to five years of age in children with different middle ear status

Hall

Munro

Heron

2007

International Journal of Audiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In front of the seated listener was a table displaying 14 Toy Test [23] toys. From Loudspeaker 1 (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial hearing of normally hearing and cochlear implanted children

Murphy

Summerfield

O’Donoghue

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveSpatial hearing uses both monaural and binaural mechanisms that require sensitive hearing for normal function. Deaf children using either bilateral (BCI) or unilateral (UCI) cochlear implants would thus be expected to have poorer spatial hearing than normally hearing (NH) children. However, the relationship between spatial hearing in these various listener groups has not previously been extensively tested under ecologically valid conditions using a homogeneous group of children who are UCI users. We predicted that NH listeners would outperform BCI listeners who would, in turn, outperform UCI listeners.MethodsWe tested two methods of spatial hearing to provide norms for NH and UCI using children and preliminary data for BCI users. NH children (n = 40) were age matched (6–15 years) to UCI (n = 12) and BCI (n = 6) listeners. Testing used a horizontal ring of loudspeakers within a booth in a hospital outpatient clinic. In a ‘lateral release’ task, single nouns were presented frontally, and masking noises were presented frontally, or 90° left or right. In a ‘localization’ task, allowing head movements, nouns were presented from loudspeakers separated by 30°, 60° or 120° about the midline.ResultsNormally hearing children improved with age in speech detection in noise, but not in quiet or in lateral release. Implant users performed more poorly on all tasks. For frontal signals and noise, UCI and BCI listeners did not differ. For lateral noise, BCI listeners performed better on both sides (within ∼2 dB of NH), whereas UCI listeners benefited only when the noise was opposite the unimplanted ear. Both the BCI and, surprisingly, the UCI listeners performed better than chance at all loudspeaker separations on the ecologically valid, localization task. However, the BCI listeners performed about twice as well and, in two cases, approached the performance of NH children.ConclusionChildren using either UCI or BCI have useful spatial hearing. BCI listeners gain benefits on both sides, and localize better, but not as well as NH listeners.

show abstract

Functionally equivalent ages and hearing levels of children with cochlear implants measured with pre-recorded stimuli

Nakisa

Summerfield

Nakisa

et al. 2001

British Journal of Audiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three groups of children undertook an interactive computer-based closed-set test of the ability to identify pre-recorded spoken words presented acoustically. The test was completed by 31/39 children with profound hearing loss who had used the Nucleus Spectra-22 cochlear-implant system for at least one year (Group A); by 30 children with normal hearing (Group B); and by 22 children with severe-profound hearing loss who used acoustic hearing aids (Group C). Among the implanted children, those who were younger when implanted and who had used their devices for longer produced higher scores (multiple-r = 0.68). Logistic regression functions were fitted to the data from Group B to describe the relationship between performance and age, and to the data from Group C to describe the relationships between performance and average hearing level (AHL) and aided threshold. By use of the regression equations, the performance of each implanted child was converted into a functionally equivalent (FE) age, an FE AHL and an FE aided threshold. Despite high variability leading to wide confidence intervals, these transformations showed that: (1) mean FE age (3.4 years) lagged mean chronological age (7.4 years), but some implanted children performed within the range expected for children with normal hearing of the same age; (2) mean FE AHL was 94 dB compared with a mean pre-implant AHL of 117 dB; (3) mean FE aided threshold was 45 dB(A) compared with a mean pre-implant aided threshold of 99 dB(A). These results confirm that implantation of appropriate candidates leads to functionally better hearing than would be expected with acoustic hearing aids. The results also demonstrate that many implanted children can participate in interactive tests with pre-recorded speech, thus providing robust data for comparison with future performance.

show abstract

Prediction of hearing thresholds in children using an automated toy discrimination test

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Developmental changes in word recognition threshold from two to five years of age in children with different middle ear status

Developmental changes in word recognition threshold from two to five years of age in children with different middle ear status

Spatial hearing of normally hearing and cochlear implanted children

Functionally equivalent ages and hearing levels of children with cochlear implants measured with pre-recorded stimuli

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About