Prediction of ground reaction forces and moments during various activities of daily living

Prediction of ground reaction forces and moments during sports-related movements

“…In some cases, it can be justifiable to solve this over-determinacy by simply discarding acceleration measurements for one or more segments in the 5 model. When this is not possible, however, the dynamic inconsistency arising from these two issues can be solved by introducing residual forces and moments in the model to obtain dynamic equilibrium [17][18][19].…”

“…Alternatively, dynamic consistency can be improved by deriving the GRF&Ms from the model kinematics and segment dynamical properties only, which is commonly known as the top-down approach [17,20]. This method has traditionally been limited by the fact that the inverse dynamics problem becomes indeterminate during double-contact phases, where the system forms a closed kinetic chain [19,21]. In recent years, however, several studies have provided solutions to this issue [19,[21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…This method has traditionally been limited by the fact that the inverse dynamics problem becomes indeterminate during double-contact phases, where the system forms a closed kinetic chain [19,21]. In recent years, however, several studies have provided solutions to this issue [19,[21][22][23][24][25]. For example, Fluit et al [19] demonstrated a universal method for predicting GRF&Ms using kinematic data and a scaled musculoskeletal model only, in which the indeterminacy issue was solved by computing the GRF&Ms as part of the muscle recruitment algorithm.…”

“…In recent years, however, several studies have provided solutions to this issue [19,[21][22][23][24][25]. For example, Fluit et al [19] demonstrated a universal method for predicting GRF&Ms using kinematic data and a scaled musculoskeletal model only, in which the indeterminacy issue was solved by computing the GRF&Ms as part of the muscle recruitment algorithm. Additionally, compliant foot-ground contact models have also been developed, where the ground reaction forces (GRFs) are estimated based solely on the relative position and velocity between the segments of the foot and a ground plane [26].…”

“…Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the method proposed by Fluit et al [19] to predict GRF&Ms during sports-related movements.…”