Prediction of endocrine system affectation in fisher 344 rats by food intake exposed with malathion, applying naïve bayes classifier and genetic algorithms

Abstract

Background:Reported cases of uncontrolled use of pesticides and its produced effects by direct or indirect exposition, represent a high risk for human health. Therefore, in this paper, it is shown the results of the development and execution of an algorithm that predicts the possible effects in endocrine system in Fisher 344 (F344) rats, occasioned by ingestion of malathion.Methods:It was referred to ToxRefDB database in which different case studies in F344 rats exposed to malathion were collected. The experimental data were processed using Naïve Bayes (NB) machine learning classifier, which was subsequently optimized using genetic algorithms (GAs). The model was executed in an application with a graphical user interface programmed in C#.Results:There was a tendency to suffer bigger alterations, increasing levels in the parathyroid gland in dosages between 4 and 5 mg/kg/day, in contrast to the thyroid gland for doses between 739 and 868 mg/kg/day. It was showed a greater resistance for females to contract effects on the endocrine system by the ingestion of malathion. Females were more susceptible to suffer alterations in the pituitary gland with exposure times between 3 and 6 months.Conclusions:The prediction model based on NB classifiers allowed to analyze all the possible combinations of the studied variables and improving its accuracy using GAs. Excepting the pituitary gland, females demonstrated better resistance to contract effects by increasing levels on the rest of endocrine system glands.

Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

“…MAL is not listed as a primary thyroid toxic chemical. However, recent evidence found that MAL affected thyroperoxidase catalyzed iodide oxidation, which affected thyroid hormone transportation and increased incidence of parathyroid hyperplasia (Mora et al 2016;Xiong et al 2018). The effect of MAL on the thyroid gland in humans was supported by a study reporting the association between hypothyroidism and MAL in male applicators (Goldner et al 2013).…”