Prediction of crank torque and pedal angle profiles during pedaling movements by biomechanical optimization

Farahani, Saeed; Bertucci, William; Andersen, Michael Skipper; Zee, Mark de; Rasmussen, John

doi:10.1007/s00158-014-1135-6

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…21 The foot motion and the crank torque are the independent inputs of the cycling optimization problem. The foot motion, that is, pedal angle, has been described by Fourier series as follows 22 f =…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The angular frequency of the torque function is two times larger than the pedal circular frequency which is a result of the inclusion of two legs (equation 7). 22 The pedaling conditions such as mechanical power, pedaling rate and crank arm length have been set to 170 W, 80 r/min and 0.175 m, respectively. The extracted saddle places 23,24 from 2400 times kinematic analysis (182 feasible pedaling places; Figure 1) are considered for the kinetic analysis in this study (Pre-Analysis step).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The angular frequency of the torque function is two times larger than the pedal circular frequency which is a result of the inclusion of two legs (equation (7)). 22…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study

Hazrati

Azghani

2018

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The physical activities such as pedaling can affect the lower limb muscles strength and rehabilitation. Improper pedaling can cause injury. In this study, we would investigate the effects of saddle place (saddle position and saddle height) on the behavior of muscles and joints. Moreover, we would try to reveal the relationship between the muscles activity (Act) and the joints reaction forces (F) and saddle position and saddle height. To this end, the pedaling conditions are obtained from the biomechanical model of the human movement system presented in AnyBody software. The variations in 12 muscles Act and total, normal and shear F of ankle, knee and hip joints are studied for the various saddle places in the pedaling feasible range. The relationships of those muscles Act and joints F are predicted by the response surface method. The results indicate that the muscles and the joints behavior changes for various saddle position and saddle height. The maximum and the minimum of the total response are acquired in the ankle and hip joints, respectively. In contrast to the ankle and hip joints, the knee shear response is greater than the normal response. The predictive models of the muscles Act and the joints F (the regression coefficients (R 2) are 0.60-0.95 and 0.76-0.97, respectively) indicate their nonlinear behavior with saddle position and saddle height variations. Studying the muscles and joints behavior in different pedaling condition can be helpful for the suitable saddle placement in order for rehabilitation, muscles soreness reduction, and joints disorder treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study

Hazrati

Azghani

2018

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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“…In a closed kinematic chain, such as in cycling, the hip, knee, and ankle joint angles are determined as a function of the crank and pedal angles. Thus, joint moments can be easily calculated when the desired values for average power output and cadence are provided (Farahani et al, 2014). NMS models are readily used in conjunction with mathematical optimization (e.g., static optimization) to estimate the optimal set of muscle activation pattern required to perform a predetermined movement.…”

Section: Real-time Nms Modeling To Integrate Assistive Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling-Based Prostheses for Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury

et al. 2019

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Concurrent stimulation and reinforcement of motor and sensory pathways has been proposed as an effective approach to restoring function after developmental or acquired neurotrauma. This can be achieved by applying multimodal rehabilitation regimens, such as thought-controlled exoskeletons or epidural electrical stimulation to recover motor pattern generation in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the human neuromusculoskeletal (NMS) system has often been oversimplified in designing rehabilitative and assistive devices. As a result, the neuromechanics of the muscles is seldom considered when modeling the relationship between electrical stimulation, mechanical assistance from exoskeletons, and final joint movement. A powerful way to enhance current neurorehabilitation is to develop the next generation prostheses incorporating personalized NMS models of patients. This strategy will enable an individual voluntary interfacing with multiple electromechanical rehabilitation devices targeting key afferent and efferent systems for functional improvement. This narrative review discusses how real-time NMS models can be integrated with finite element (FE) of musculoskeletal tissues and interface multiple assistive and robotic devices with individuals with SCI to promote neural restoration. In particular, the utility of NMS models for optimizing muscle stimulation patterns, tracking functional improvement, monitoring safety, and providing augmented feedback during exercise-based rehabilitation are discussed.

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“…The relationship between the subjective comfort of pedal operation and biomechanical parameters, like the mapping relationship between joint movement angle and muscle force, was explored from the biomechanical perspective, which has provided an important basis for the design of pedal parameters. [18][19][20][21] At present, the research on the comfort of the cab pedals is mostly focused on the static comfort, in which the data are collected when the car remains stationary or when the pedal is operated in an experimental platform, through which the influence of man-machine design factors of the pedals on the operation comfort is analyzed. However, in view of the actual road conditions in Asia, especially the congestion in cities, changes occur in the comfort of pedal manipulation to some extent, due to the increase in the frequency of such manipulation.…”

Section: Researchers Like Vanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and optimization of vehicle pedal comfort based on biomechanics

Chen

Yang

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Existing research on the manipulation comfort of the cab pedal generally focuses on the completion of the pedal movement when a vehicle is at rest, with certain data collected for analysis. This paper, by taking passenger vehicles in China as the study object and in view of the actual road conditions in China and the Chinese body size, attempts to solve the problem of muscle redundancy through the maximum/minimum optimization model of muscle activation. The road test was carried out on a typical pavement in a Chinese city. The parameters of pedal stroke, pedal force, and typical Electromyography signal (EMG) signal of drivers’ lower limbs during driving were obtained, from which muscle activation degree was calculated. The obtained experimental data were used as external driving one to simulate and analyze the pedal comfort under the layout of different human percentile and different pedal parameters in an aim to obtain the optimal value. The results indicate that the difference in pedal strokes, pedal preload, pedal resistance coefficients, seat heights, and H-point distances can have a noticeable effect on muscle activation. Taking a 95th-percentile accelerator pedal as an example, with the optimal values of each parameter selected (pedal preload: 8.2 N, pedal resistance coefficient: 2.55, seat height: 0.45 m and H-point distance: 0.86 m), as the pedal strokes increase, muscle activation shows a trend of increase after initial decrease. In the common stroke of a pedal after optimization, the degree of muscle activation is significantly lower than that before optimization, indicating a decrease in muscle fatigue.

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Prediction of crank torque and pedal angle profiles during pedaling movements by biomechanical optimization

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study

The effect of saddle height and saddle position changes from pedal on muscles and joints behaviors in ergometer: A parametric study

Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling-Based Prostheses for Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury

Evaluation and optimization of vehicle pedal comfort based on biomechanics

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