Prediction of cavitation and induced erosion inside a high-pressure fuel pump

Koukouvinis, Phoevos; Karathanassis, Ioannis K.; Gavaises, Manolis

doi:10.1177/1468087417708137

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The prediction of cavitation erosion has been the subject of a wide range of research [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Among them, experimental campaigns are of great importance to obtain a deeper understanding of the underlying physics and to allow the validation of numerical models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on the effect of cavitation erosion in a diesel injector

Cristofaro

Edelbauer

Koukouvinis

et al. 2020

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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The consequences of geometry alterations in a Diesel injector caused by cavitation erosion are investigated with numerical simulations. The differences in the results between the nominal design geometry and the eroded one are analyzed for the internal injector flow and spray formation. The flow in the injector is modeled with a 3-phase Eulerian approach using a compressible pressure-based multiphase flow solver. Cavitation is simulated with a non-equilibrium mass transfer rate model based on the simplified form of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation. Slip velocity between the liquid-vapor mixture and the air is included in the model by solving two separate momentum conservation equations. The eroded injector is found to result to a loss in the rate of injection but also lower cavitation volume fraction inside the nozzle. The injected sprays are then simulated with a Lagrangian method considering as initial conditions the predicted flow characteristics at the exit of the nozzle. The obtained results show wider spray dispersion for the eroded injector and shorter spray tip penetration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on the effect of cavitation erosion in a diesel injector

Cristofaro

Edelbauer

Koukouvinis

et al. 2020

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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“…Moreover, although recent studies [83][84][85] consider temperature effects, for the cases examined here, that refers to pilot injection at a rail pressure of 1600, temperature effects can be ignored. [86][87][88][89][90] The diesel properties employed in the simulations are the ones considered in the aforementioned study. 38 The air properties were computed using the NIST (REFPROP) library.…”

Section: Cavitation In a Diesel Injector With Needle Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A direct forcing immersed boundary method for cavitating flows

Stavropoulos-Vasilakis

Rodríguez

Kyriazis

et al. 2021

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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In the current study, an immersed boundary method for simulating cavitating flows with complex or moving boundaries is presented, which follows the discrete direct forcing approach. Although the immersed boundary methods are widely used in various applications of single phase, multiphase, and particulate flows, either incompressible or compressible, and numerous alternative formulations exist, to the best of the authors' knowledge, a handful of computational works employ such methodologies on cavitating flows. The herein proposed method, following previous works of the author's group, tries to fill this gap and to solidify the development of a computational tool of a simple formulation capable to tackle complex numerical problems of cavitation modeling. The method aims to be used in a wide range of applications of industrial interest and treat flows of engineering scales. Therefore, a validation of the method is performed by numerous benchmark test-cases, of progressively increasing complexity, from incompressible low Reynolds number to compressible and highly turbulent cavitating flows. K E Y W O R D Scavitation, diesel injector, direct forcing, immersed boundary method, turbulence modeling INTRODUCTIONWithin the framework of computational fluid dynamics, applications of industrial interest often refer to flows in complex geometries or around moving bodies; their simulation may be numerically challenging and computationally expensive. Many cases of cavitating flows fall into that category. For example, cavitation formation in diesel injector nozzles with moving needle, gear pumps, or propellers mounted under ship hauls, refer to problems with moving geometrical parts and include different geometrical features with wide range of length scales and topological features that impose severe constraints in mesh generation. The conventional strategy of generation of boundary-conforming grids for such problems, may become demanding and time consuming. When the numerical simulation involves moving parts with large displacements, common conformal grid strategies result in remeshing of the entire domain in every time-step, 1 or deforming the grid and adding or removing cell-layers when a desired cell size is reached. 2 In the case of marine propellers, to accommodate their rotational motion, either the entire computational domain would be rotated accordingly, 3 or a multi-region mesh would be used, which lets the part of the grid that conforms with the propeller blades to slide with regards to the global domain. 4 Another approach of over-set grids 5 (also known as Chimera grids), employs multiple overlapping 3092

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“…Concerning works considering the movement of wall boundaries, Koukouvinis et al [45,46] implemented a layering algorithm, adding/removing a layer of cells in FLUENT Ansys [46]. The transient effects due to the needle movement have been also taken into account by Devassy et al [47] and Batistoni and Grimaldi [48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Cavitation and Friction-Induced Heating Effects of Diesel Fuel during the Needle Valve Early Opening Stages for Discharge Pressures up to 450 MPa

et al. 2021

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An investigation of the fuel heating, vapor formation, and cavitation erosion location patterns inside a five-hole common rail diesel fuel injector, occurring during the early opening period of the needle valve (from 2 μm to 80 μm), discharging at pressures of up to 450 MPa, is presented. Numerical simulations were performed using the explicit density-based solver of the compressible Navier–Stokes (NS) and energy conservation equations. The flow solver was combined with tabulated property data for a four-component diesel fuel surrogate, derived from the perturbed chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state (EoS), which allowed for a significant amount of the fuel’s physical and transport properties to be quantified. The Wall Adapting Local Eddy viscosity (WALE) Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model was used to resolve sub-grid scale turbulence, while a cell-based mesh deformation arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation was used for modelling the injector’s needle valve movement. Friction-induced heating was found to increase significantly when decreasing the pressure. At the same time, the Joule–Thomson cooling effect was calculated for up to 25 degrees K for the local fuel temperature drop relative to the fuel’s feed temperature. The extreme injection pressures induced fuel jet velocities in the order of 1100 m/s, affecting the formation of coherent vortical flow structures into the nozzle’s sac volume.

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Prediction of cavitation and induced erosion inside a high-pressure fuel pump

Abstract: This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Short title: Cavitation in high-pressure pump. Permanent repository link

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

A numerical study on the effect of cavitation erosion in a diesel injector

A numerical study on the effect of cavitation erosion in a diesel injector

A direct forcing immersed boundary method for cavitating flows

Transient Cavitation and Friction-Induced Heating Effects of Diesel Fuel during the Needle Valve Early Opening Stages for Discharge Pressures up to 450 MPa

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