Prediction of Brittle Failure for TBM Tunnels in Anisotropic Rock: A Case Study from Northern Norway

Dammyr, Øyvind

doi:10.1007/s00603-015-0910-z

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the peak stress decreased with an increasing temperature when θ = 60 • [14]. Therefore, the above-mentioned factors have a significant influence on the transversely isotropic rock mass in underground engineering [19][20][21]. As the mining depth increases, rockburst can occur in a deep, transversely isotropic rock mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Mechanical Properties and Rockburst Investigation of Transversely Isotropic Rocks by Experimental Technique

Luo

2023

Materials

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Under complex geostress caused by long-term geological evolution, approximately parallel bedding structures are normally created in rocks due to sedimentation or metamorphism. This type of rock is known as transversely isotropic rock (TIR). Due to the existence of bedding planes, the mechanical properties of TIR are quite different from those of relatively homogeneous rocks. The purpose of this review is to discuss the research progress into the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of TIR and to explore the influence of the bedding structure on the rockburst characteristics of the surrounding rocks. First, the P-wave velocity characteristics of the TIR is summarized, followed by the mechanical properties (e.g., the uniaxial compressive strength, the triaxial compressive strength, and tensile strength) and the related failure characteristics of the TIR. The strength criteria of the TIR under triaxial compression are also summarized in this section. Second, the research progress of the rockburst tests on the TIR is reviewed. Finally, six prospects for the study of the transversely isotropic rock are presented: (1) measuring the Brazilian tensile strength of the TIR; (2) establishing the strength criteria for the TIR; (3) revealing the influence mechanism of the mineral particles between the bedding planes on rock failure from the microscopic point of view; (4) investigating the mechanical properties of the TIR in complex environments; (5) experimentally investigating the rockburst of the TIR under the stress path of “the three-dimensional high stress + internal unloading + dynamic disturbance”; and (6) studying the influence of the bedding angle, thickness, and number on the rockburst proneness of the TIR. Finally, some conclusions are summarized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Mechanical Properties and Rockburst Investigation of Transversely Isotropic Rocks by Experimental Technique

Luo

2023

Materials

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“…This process also results in the propagation of elastic waves (i.e., the acoustic emission [AE] phenomenon) 6–9 . AE monitoring techniques have been applied to safety monitoring of mines, tunnels, and other projects 10–12 and using AE phenomena to study the evolution of cracks and the precursors of coal and rock failures has attracted extensive research attention worldwide 13–16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rock failures has attracted extensive research attention worldwide. [13][14][15][16] Previous studies have shown that AE signals exhibit obvious responses to the occurrence, extension, and coalescence of cracks during rock failure. 17,18 In uniaxial loading-unloading tests, the AE count rates in each cycle display a steadily increasing trend as the test progresses and the rate increases sharply in the last cycle.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental study on failure precursors of coal and sandstone based on two‐step clustering of acoustic emission characteristics

Zheng,

Liang,

et al. 2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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Accurately determining the precursors of coal and rock failures is crucial for preventing associated risks in coal mines. In this study, based on the values of the four parameters amplitude, duration, counts and energy of acoustic emission (AE) signals, the AE signals of coal and sandstone samples failure were clustered by the two‐step clustering method. And the precursory AE signals of sample failure under uniaxial compression were analyzed and identified. Results show that the peak of AE amplitude is before that of AE duration, counts, and energy. AE signals of both coal and sandstone samples can be classified into five types. Values of the parameters of Types I–IV AE signals of the sandstone sample are lower than that of the coal sample. The duration, counts, and energy of Type V AE signals of the sandstone sample are higher than that of the coal sample. Type V AE signals, which are middle amplitude (hundreds of mV), high duration (hundreds of thousands of μS), high counts (about 10,000), and high energy (tens of thousands of mV*mS), account for the lowest proportion of all AE signals, at approximately 0.1%. And they began to occur at 87% σc of the coal sample and at 97% σc of the sandstone sample, respectively. Type V AE signals can be used as precursors of coal and sandstone samples failure under uniaxial compression.

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“…To date, rockburst events have been reported in all mining countries (e.g., South Africa, Canada, USA, Australia, Poland, China, Russia, India, and Chile) since the beginning of the 20th century (Blake and Hedley 2003 ). Many civil engineering projects such as deep tunnels in Switzerland, Norway, Iran, Peru, and China have also suffered rockburst problems (Dammyr 2016 ; Farrokh and Rostami 2009 ; Kaiser and Cai 2012 ; Zhang et al 2012 ). Figure 1 shows a historical rockburst map of more than 4000 events from near 50 areas in the world in recent 90 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the performance of yielding rockbolts during rockbursts using numerical modeling method

Wang

Apel

et al. 2022

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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The assessment of yielding rockbolt performance during rockbursts with actual seismic loading is essential for rockburst supporting designs. In this paper, two types of yielding rockbolts (D-bolt and Roofex) and the fully resin-grouted rebar bolt are modeled via the “rockbolt” element in universal distinct element code (UDEC) after an exact calibration procedure. A two-dimensional (2D) model of a deep tunnel is built to fully evaluate the performance (e.g., capacity of energy-absorption and control of rock damage) of yielding and traditional rockbolts based on the simulated rockbursts. The influence of different rockburst magnitudes is also studied. The results suggest that the D-bolt can effectively control and mitigate rockburst damage during a weak rockburst because of its high strength and deformation capacity. The Roofex is too “soft” or “smooth” to limit the movement of ejected rocks and restrain the large deformation, although it has an excellent deformation capacity. The resin-grouted rebar bolt can maintain a high axial force level during rockbursts but is easy to break during dynamic shocks, which fails to control rapid rock bulking or ejection. Three types of rockbolts cannot control the large deformation and mitigate rockburst damage effectively during violent rockbursts. The rockburst damage severity can be significantly reduced by additional support with cable bolts. This study highlights the effectiveness of numerical modeling methods in assessing the complex performance of yielding rockbolts during rockbursts, which can provide some references to improve and optimize the design of rock supporting in burst-prone grounds.

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Prediction of Brittle Failure for TBM Tunnels in Anisotropic Rock: A Case Study from Northern Norway

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

A Review of Mechanical Properties and Rockburst Investigation of Transversely Isotropic Rocks by Experimental Technique

A Review of Mechanical Properties and Rockburst Investigation of Transversely Isotropic Rocks by Experimental Technique

Experimental study on failure precursors of coal and sandstone based on two‐step clustering of acoustic emission characteristics

Evaluation of the performance of yielding rockbolts during rockbursts using numerical modeling method

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