Prediction of a-C:H layer failure on industrial relevant biopolymer polylactide acide (PLA) foils based on the sp2/sp3 ratio

Schlebrowski, Torben; Beucher, Lucas; Bazzi, Hadi; Hahn, Barbara; Wehner, Stefan; Fischer, Christian B.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.03.069

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A shift from sp 2 to sp 3 as the dominant binding, in contrast, seems to have no effect on the stability of the applied a-C:H layer on the PHB substrate. This is in accordance with results obtained for a-C:H layers on the biopolymer polylactide acid (PLA) [55], although PLA did not show any delay in layer failure. Furthermore, the comparison of SEM images with XPS shows that a sp 2 dominated a-C:H layer on PHB is accompanied by "cord buckling" phenomena.…”

Section: Xps Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Schlebrowski

Beucher

Bazzi

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PHB is a biodegradable polymer based on renewable raw materials that could replace synthetic polymers in many applications. A big advantage is the resulting reduction of the waste problem, as well as the conservation of fossil resources. To arrange it for various applications, the surface is arranged by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers (a-C:H). Here, on a 50 µm thick PHB-foil, a-C:H layers of different thicknesses (0-500 nm) were deposited in 50 nm steps. Surface topography was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), chemical composition by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy and wettability checked by contact angle. In addition, layers were examined by synchrotron supported X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), which revealed thickness dependent changes of the sp 2 /sp 3 ratio. With increasing thickness, even the topography changes show internal, stress-induced phenomena. The results obtained provide a more detailed understanding of the predominantly inorganic a-C:H coatings on (bio)polymers via in situ growth.

show abstract

Section: Xps Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Schlebrowski

Beucher

Bazzi

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the range of 50-200 nm the sp 3 bond is dominant. An initially sp 3 -dominated growth of the a-C:H layer on polymer samples has already been observed on other materials such as PLA and PHB [11,12]. The dominance of the sp 3 bond is in line with the contact angle measurements.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Sample Surfacesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The results found here only partly correspond to those of a-C:H layers on both biopolymers PLA and PHB [11,12], which were coated simultaneously in the same process. Here the layer failure is a consequence of the change from sp 3 to sp 2 as dominant bond.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Sample Surfacementioning

confidence: 41%

“…With a layer thickness of 450 nm the layer starts to crack again until the layer breaks up completely and destructive layer failure occurs at a a-C:H thickness of 500 nm. It is noticeable that the cord buckling effect [27,28] that has been present on polylactide acide (PLA) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) samples [11,12] coated in the same manner as the PBAT samples only occurs to some extent at 450 nm. This is an indication of good adhesion of the layer on the polymer and consequently for a more pronounced interlayer [17,19].…”

Section: Condition Of A-c:h Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ratio as well as the H-content can be adjusted by the chosen plasma parameters [5,[8][9][10]. Another possibility is the variation of the layer thickness keeping constant plasma parameters [11,12]. Thus, it is possible to obtain the desired layer properties such as high hardness with high electrical resistance (a sp 3 dominated, diamond-like layer) or a soft, electrically conductive layer (predominantly sp 2 hybridized carbon, graphite-like layer) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Refinement of Sustainable Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) with Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Films (a-C:H) Revealing Film Instabilities Influenced by a Thickness-Dependent Change of sp2/sp3 Ratio

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increasing use of polymers is related to a growing disposal problem. Switching to biodegradable polymers such as polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) is a feasible possibility, but after industrial production of commercially available material PBAT is not suitable for every application. Therefore, surface refinements with amorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a-C:H) produced by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) changing the top layer characteristics are used. Here, 50 µm-thick PBAT films are coated with a-C:H layers up to 500 nm in 50 nm steps. The top surface sp2/sp3 bonding ratios are analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) both synchrotron-based. In addition, measurements using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) were performed for detailed chemical composition. Surface topography was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the surface wettability by contact angle measurements. With increasing a-C:H layer thickness not only does the topography change but also the sp2 to sp3 ratio, which in combination indicates internal stress-induced phenomena. The results obtained provide a more detailed understanding of the mostly inorganic a-C:H coatings on the biodegradable organic polymer PBAT via in situ growth and stepwise height-dependent analysis.

show abstract

Photoaging phenomena of biodegradable polybutylene succinate and conventional low density polyethylene by artificial weathering – A comparative surface study

Fritz

Lauschke

Schlebrowski

et al. 2022

Applied Surface Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prediction of a-C:H layer failure on industrial relevant biopolymer polylactide acide (PLA) foils based on the sp2/sp3 ratio

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness

Refinement of Sustainable Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) with Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Films (a-C:H) Revealing Film Instabilities Influenced by a Thickness-Dependent Change of sp2/sp3 Ratio

Photoaging phenomena of biodegradable polybutylene succinate and conventional low density polyethylene by artificial weathering – A comparative surface study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About