Prediction, location, collection and transport of jellyfish (<i>Cnidaria</i>) and their polyps

Pierce, J.

doi:10.1002/zoo.20218

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Scyphopolyps are difficult to find and investigate in the field because of their small sizes and their preferences of colonizing the undersides of substrates and concealed habitats (Pierce, 2009; Di Camillo Fig. 3 et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of climate warming on strobilation and ephyra production of North Sea scyphozoan jellyfish

Holst

2012

Hydrobiologia

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Recent studies have correlated fluctuations in jellyfish abundances with climatic changes, leading to speculation that the warming trend in the North Sea will affect the strobilation activity of Scyphozoa. The present study provides long-term data (10-22 months) on temperature effects on the species Aurelia aurita, Cyanea capillata, Cyanea lamarckii and Chrysaora hysoscella. Strobilation at current winter temperature (5°C) in the German Bight was compared to strobilation at warmer winter temperatures. Simulated winter temperature of 10°C had several positive effects on strobilation, as compared to 5°C: 1. A longer strobilation period or higher ephyra production per polyp in A. aurita, C. lamarckii and Ch. hysoscella; 2. Higher percentages of polyps strobilating in A. aurita and Ch. hysoscella; 3. More ephyrae per strobila in C. capillata and C. lamarckii; 4. A shorter strobilation duration in C. capillata and C. lamarckii. Cold winter temperatures of 5°C promoted strobilation in C. capillata, but inhibited strobilation in A. aurita and reduced ephyra production in C. lamarckii and Ch. hysoscella. These results suggest that climate warming will benefit A. aurita, but not cold-water C. capillata. The distributions of C. lamarckii and Ch. hysoscella probably could expand to the north.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of climate warming on strobilation and ephyra production of North Sea scyphozoan jellyfish

Holst

2012

Hydrobiologia

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“…Most of these studies focus on ephyrae, the planktonic young jellyfish stage that is produced by benthic polyps during an asexual reproduction process called strobilation, a special type of transverse division (Holst, 2012). This stage is used for laboratory testing (bioassays), since it can be easily obtained in laboratory, and it is more susceptible to environmental disturbances than adults (Lucas, 2001;Pierce, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of neurotoxic compounds on ephyrae of Aurelia aurita jellyfish

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to analyze the toxicity of two neurotoxic compounds on the ephyra stage of the Scyphozoan jellyfish Aurelia aurita, an innovative and sensitive model organism recently proposed in ecotoxicological bioassays. Indeed, jellyfish play an important role in the marine ecosystem, being a key component of the gelatinous zooplankton and of the marine food web, but are not represented in routine ecotoxicology. In this study, ephyrae were exposed to several concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50 mg l -1 ) of eserine (ES) and chlorpyrifos (CPF), a carbamate and an organophosphorous compound, respectively, in order to analyze their toxic effect on this model organism. Acute (% of immobility) and behavioral (% alteration of frequency of pulsations) end-points were investigated after 24 and 48 h of exposure. Exposure to both compounds caused a dosedependent effect, and for each end-point, it was possible to quantify these effects by means of EC 50 . Results highlighted how these compounds reported a high toxicity for marine organisms and exerted their toxic effect on this innovative biological model (in particular, CPF resulted to be more toxic than ES), which proved to be more sensitive than other marine invertebrates commonly used for ecotoxicological bioassays.

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“…For example, a classic manual on zooplankton sampling published by UNESCO (1968) mentions jellyfish only once, i.e., ''Gelatinous organisms and other animals […] will occur in the catches and these must be considered separately from the main sample. '' Moreover, jellyfish are difficult to sample even when targeted (Omori & Hamner, 1982;Pierce, 2009). As a result of their neglect in routine surveys and marine samples, jellyfish were generally perceived as a bothersome and unimportant component of marine ecosystems (Pauly et al, 2009a), which then justified their further neglect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%