Prediction Equations for Energy Consumption Through Surveys on Energy Consumption in Apartment Buildings

Abstract

This study presents energy consumption prediction equations developed by conducting multiple regression analyses of data collected in surveys of actual states of energy consumption in apartment buildings in their operational stage.Surveys of actual states of average energy consumption per unit show that 1) the largest component of energy consumption is room heating, followed by electricity, hot water supply, and gas, in that order; 2) energy consumption increases with household area; 3) among exposures, energy consumption is highest in households facing east or northeast and lowest in those facing south or southwest; 4) among height types, energy consumption is highest in super-high-rise apartment buildings (50 stories or higher), followed by semi-super-high-rises, high-rises, and medium-high-rises, in that order; and 5) among plan types, tower-type apartment buildings use approximately 17% -20% more energy than flat types.The goodness-of-fit criterion stated in the 2009 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook (SI) Edition is shown to be satisfied for the equations presented in this paper for the prediction of energy consumption of apartment buildings in their operational stage. These equations were developed through multiple regression analysis using the areas and heat transmission coefficients of structures as independent variables and using energy consumption as the dependent variable.

A Case Study on the Impact of Building Envelope on Energy Efficiency in High-Rise Residential Buildings

“…Thus, the total annual CO 2 emission of the building was calculated as 104,714.55 kg. Generally in a high-rise building, a large part of energy consumption is used for space heating, followed by electricity consumption (lighting and devices) and hot water supply [33]. When the total energy consumption of the case is examined, it is seen that 25% of the energy is used for heating.…”

“…In addition, while evaluating the heating energy loads, the results of different climatic conditions should be taken into consideration in the study. Therefore, the results obtained in the case studies were compared with the results obtained from the studies conducted in China and Canada where high-rise residential buildings are also dense and common [35][36][37][38]. This comparison was based on the total energy consumption of the buildings and the heating energy loads (Table 4).…”