“…[1] Methods for predicting the mesostructure of the braided preforms are the focus of considerable research on braided composite materials, [2][3][4][5][6] because the parameters of the mesostructure of the preform, such as the braiding angle, braiding pattern, the distance between the yarns, and cross section of the yarns determine the mechanical properties of the braided composites. The mesostructure of braided preforms in a majority of publications [7][8][9][10] relies on highly idealized geometric assumptions, for example, constant cross section, parallel yarn paths, or polygonal cross section, for the ease of modeling of the structures. In the manufacturing process of braided preforms, yarn deformation such as bending, shifting, and nesting are introduced, which are on top of the idealized mesostructure of the braids.…”