Prediction and Comparisons of Turpentine Content in Slash Pine at Different Slope Positions Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract

Pine resin is one of the best known and most exploited non-wood products. Resin is a complex mixture of terpenes produced by specialized cells that are dedicated to tree defense. Chemical defenses are plastic properties, and concentrations of chemical defenses can be adjusted based on environmental factors, such as resource availability. The slope orientation (south/sunny or north/shady) and the altitude of the plantation site have significant effects on the soil nutrient and the plant performance, whereas little is known about how the slope affects the pine resin yield and its components. In total, 1180 slash pines in 18 plots at different slope positions were established to determine the effects on the α- and β-pinene content and resin production of the slash pine. The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique was developed to rapidly and economically predict the turpentine content for each sample. The results showed that the best partial least squares regression (PLS) models for α- and β-pinene content prediction were established via the combined treatment of multiplicative scatter correction–significant multivariate correlation (MSC–sMC). The prediction models based on sMC spectra for α- and β-pinene content have an R2 of 0.82 and 0.85 and an RMSE of 0.96 and 0.82, respectively, and they were successfully implemented in turpentine prediction in this research. The results also showed that a barren slope position (especially mid-slope) could improve the α-pinene and β-pinene content and resin productivity of slash pine, and the β-pinene content in the resin had more variances in this research.

Genetic analysis and elite tree selection of the main resin components of slash pine

“…These differences may be attributed to differences in environmental and climatic conditions. In addition, turpentine is volatile, and errors in resin collection and measurement must be accounted for ( Luan et al., 2022 ).…”

Resin yield response to different tapping methods and stimulant pastes in Pinus pinaster Ait

“…Resin is constitutively produced in all tree tissues providing a physical and chemical barrier to invaders (Luan et al 2022). In addition, resin production is highly inducible in response to biotic stimuli, with large increases in production after mechanical injury or attacks by pathogens and insects (Lombardero et al 2000(Lombardero et al , 2006; Kim et al 2010).…”

Producción de resina en España: Análisis de la eficiencia con diferentes pastas y métodos

“…En la familia Pinaceae, la resina es la principal defensa del árbol contra los desafíos bióticos (Phillips y Croteau 1999). La resina se produce de forma constitutiva en todos los tejidos del árbol, proporcionando una barrera física y química a los invasores (Luan et al 2022). Además, la producción de resina es altamente inducible en respuesta a estímulos bióticos, con grandes incrementos en la producción tras lesiones mecánicas o ataques de patógenos e insectos (Lombardero et al 2000(Lombardero et al , 2006Kim et al 2010).…”