“…Laser processing offers interesting possibilities to modify the microstructure, phases, composition, residual stresses, and topography of the surfaces of materials through a range of laser-material interactions such as heating, melting, surface vaporization, ablation, and shock peening [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Among these laser-material interactions, surface melting is by far the most important regime for the practical applications of lasers in materials processing.…”