Predicting which childhood memories persist: Contributions of memory characteristics.

Peterson, Carole; Morris, Gwynn; Baker‐Ward, Lynne; Flynn, Susan

doi:10.1037/a0033221

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…However, the hospital event investigated here was just as stressful and painful as the injury event (Peterson & Bell, 1996). Part of the explanation may be that the hospital event was less comprehensible in the child's view, and indeed, coherence has been shown to be a factor that contributes to better long-term recall (Morris, Baker-Ward, & Bauer, 2010;Peterson, Morris, Baker-Ward, & Flynn, 2014). Aspects of the hospital visit were also less distinctive, which also contributes to long-term memory (Howe, Courage, Vernescu, & Hunt, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Decade Later: Adolescents' Memory for Medical Emergencies

Peterson

2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Approximately a decade earlier, 39 adolescents (3-5 years old at the time of event occurrence) were interviewed about stressful injuries serious enough to require hospital emergency room treatment. Parent and/or other witnesses were also interviewed to provide a record against which children's recall was compared. Prior to the current follow-up, the adolescents had varying numbers of interviews (2-5), and half had been interviewed 5 years previously, whereas the remainder had not been interviewed for 8 or more years. In spite of the long delay since injury and the young age of the adolescents at the time, their recall of their injury was still excellent in terms of completeness, unique narrative detail, and accuracy, although there was a small decrease in accuracy. However, recall of hospital treatment was poorer and showed significant deterioration over time. In addition, the presence of an interview after 5 years (halfway through the 10-year delay) as well as the number of interviews had no significant effect on 10-year recall of either event, although more interviews tended to make free recall of the injury more detailed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A Decade Later: Adolescents' Memory for Medical Emergencies

Peterson

2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…It is possible that this elaborative style is operating both at the time of encoding events as well as at retrieval (Ornstein & Haden, 2001). The narrative coherence of the memory then helps it to endure beyond the preschool years (Morris et al, 2010;Peterson, Morris, Baker-Ward, & Flynn, 2014).…”

Section: Parent-child Reminiscing and Children's Memory Of Discussed mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young children who are securely attached to their mothers are more likely to internalise the mothers' style of talking about events over the preschool years, especially when it comes to the emotional content of events (Newcombe & Reese, 2004). Memories with more emotional content are more likely to survive in the longterm (Peterson et al, 2014). Talk about emotions during reminiscing also enhances children's knowledge emotions (van Bergen, Salmon, Dadds, & Allen, 2009), which is linked to their ability to regulate emotions (Denham et al, 2003).…”

Section: Parent-child Reminiscing and Children's Memory Of Discussed mentioning

confidence: 99%

Talking (or Not Talking) about the Past: The Influence of Parent–Child Conversation about Negative Experiences on Children's Memories

Salmon

Reese

2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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We review research investigating the influence of conversations between parents and their children about past negative experiences on children's memory and management of their emotional experiences. To do so, we are guided by social cultural developmental theory and a developmental psychopathology framework. In the first section, we first discuss the 'best case' scenario, in which parents and child have a close relationship within which the child's negative emotions can be discussed and understood, and the child's ability to remember her experiences in a detailed and coherent narrative form is optimised. In the second section, we turn to the most problematic scenario of child maltreatment, including child sexual abuse, and consider the implications for children's memory when these optimizing factors are not present or are limited. Finally, we discuss exemplar intermediary scenarios. We propose that early problems acquiring critical skills for remembering emotional experiences in the context of parent-child relationships can have negative consequences for children's memory but also for their psychological functioning more broadly, which can extend across development.

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“…In the present research, we extended the literature on the onset of childhood amnesia in two ways: with a study of the emergence of childhood amnesia from 5 to 9 years, and by testing a potentially important determinant of the fates of early memories beyond the onset of childhood amnesia, namely, maternal narrative style (see Morris, Baker-Ward, & Bauer, 2009; and Peterson, Morris, Baker-Ward, & Flynn, 2013, for examinations of other potential determinants, such as characteristics of children's memory reports). The first extension was to the database provided by Van Abbema and Bauer (2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

The onset of childhood amnesia in childhood: A prospective investigation of the course and determinants of forgetting of early-life events

Bauer

Larkina

2013

Memory

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The present research was an examination of the onset of childhood amnesia and how it relates to maternal narrative style, an important determinant of autobiographical memory development. Children and their mothers discussed unique events when the children were 3 years of age. Different subgroups of children were tested for recall of the events at ages 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 years. At the later session, they were interviewed by an experimenter about the events discussed 2 to 6 years previously with their mothers (early-life events). Children ages 5, 6, and 7 remembered 60% or more of the early-life events. In contrast, children ages 8 and 9 years remembered fewer than 40% of the early-life events. Overall maternal narrative style predicted children's contributions to mother-child conversations at age 3 years; it did not have cross-lagged relations to memory for early-life events at ages 5 to 9 years. Maternal deflections of the conversational turn to the child predicted the amount of information children later reported about the early-life events. The findings have implications for our understanding of the onset of childhood amnesia and the achievement of an adult-like distribution of memories in the school years. They highlight the importance of forgetting processes in explanations of the amnesia.

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Predicting which childhood memories persist: Contributions of memory characteristics.

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

A Decade Later: Adolescents' Memory for Medical Emergencies

A Decade Later: Adolescents' Memory for Medical Emergencies

Talking (or Not Talking) about the Past: The Influence of Parent–Child Conversation about Negative Experiences on Children's Memories

The onset of childhood amnesia in childhood: A prospective investigation of the course and determinants of forgetting of early-life events

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