Predicting Through-Focus Visual Acuity with the Eye’s Natural Aberrations

Kingston, Amanda C.; Cox, Ian

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000031

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…ZEMAX is an optics simulation software that has been used in a variety of eye research fields [6,42]. Previously, we have used ZEMAX to simulate the visual performances of the organcultured bovine eyes in the absence and presence of conditions that altering the physiological optics of the lens [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the conventional GRIN formula in ZEAMX software is mathematically constrained and may not be sufficient to model the complex GRIN profiles observed in the human lens, especially older human lenses [20,27,43]. Future works to include full corneal topography, wave-front aberrometry [42], and customised the GRIN formulas [30,44] could help produce more accurate and comprehensive optical models [30,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and computer modelling platform to investigate the physiological optics of the crystalline lens

Pan

Lie

White

et al. 2019

Biomed. Opt. Express

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We have developed and validated in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to extract parameters (T2 and geometry) of the human lens that, combined with biometric measures of the eye and optical modelling, enable us to investigate the relative contributions made by the gradient of refractive index (GRIN) and the shape of the lens to the refractive properties of each subject tested. Seven young and healthy participants (mean age: 25.6 ± 3.6 years) underwent an ophthalmic examination, and two sessions of MRI scans using a 3 T clinical magnet. Our MRI protocols for studying lens physiological optics and geometrical measurements were repeatable and reliable, using both 1D (95% confidence interval (CI) for mean differences for exponents = [-2.1, 2.6]) and 2D analysis (anterior T2 CI for differences [-6.4, 8.1] ms; posterior T2 CI for differences [-6.4, 8.3] ms). The lens thickness measured from MRI showed good correlation with that measured with clinical 'gold standard' LenStar (mean differences = [-0.18, 0.2] mm). The predicted refractive errors from ZEMAX had reasonable agreements with participants' clinic records (mean differences = [-1.7, 1.2] D). Quantitative measurements of lens geometry and GRIN with our MRI technique showed high inter-day repeatability. Our clinical MRI technique also provides reliable measures of lens geometry that are comparable to optical biometry. Finally, our ZEMAX optical models produced accurate refractive error and lens power estimations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and computer modelling platform to investigate the physiological optics of the crystalline lens

Pan

Lie

White

et al. 2019

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Bifocal and Multifocal Contact Lenses for Presbyopia and Myopia Control

Remón

Pérez-Merino

Macedo-de-Araújo

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Bifocal and multifocal optical devices are intended to get images into focus from objects placed at different distances from the observer. Spectacles, contact lenses, and intraocular lenses can meet the requirements to provide such a solution. Contact lenses provide unique characteristics as a platform for implementing bifocality and multifocality. Compared to spectacles, they are closer to the eye, providing a wider field of view, less distortion, and their use is more consistent as they are not so easily removed along the day. In addition, contact lenses are also minimally invasive, can be easily exchangeable, and, therefore, suitable for conditions in which surgical procedures are not indicated. Contact lenses can remain centered with the eye despite eye movements, providing the possibility for simultaneous imaging from different object distances. The main current indications for bifocal and multifocal contact lenses include presbyopia correction in adult population and myopia control in children. Considering the large numbers of potential candidates for optical correction of presbyopia and the demographic trends in myopia, the potential impact of contact lenses for presbyopia and myopia applications is undoubtedly tremendous. However, the ocular characteristics and expectations vary significantly between young and older candidates and impose different challenges in fitting bifocal and multifocal contact lenses for the correction of presbyopia and myopia control. This review presents the recent developments in material platforms, optical designs, simulated visual performance, and the clinical performance assessment of bifocal and multifocal contact lenses for presbyopia correction and/or myopia progression control.

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