Predicting the Potential Role of Non-human Hosts in Zika Virus Maintenance

González‐Salazar, Constantino; Stephens, Christopher R.; Sánchez‐Cordero, Víctor

doi:10.1007/s10393-017-1206-4

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Such collection of host ecology data in conjunction with blood-fed mosquitoes can be considerably labour-intensive; however, it provides a more thorough assessment of how host abundance and biomass may influence observed mosquito feeding patterns and informs the selection of appropriate reference samples against which to compare blood meals in the laboratory. Although limited in their application, other blood-meal studies [64, 65] have utilised databases, such as the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) or the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), to identify potential available vertebrates in the absence of formal vertebrate surveys. Whilst they are no substitute for vertebrate surveys, these datasets could be beneficial for noting the presence of common hosts in future blood meal studies but are limited in estimating host density or true absence of a given species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens: an analysis of blood meal studies

Stephenson

Murphy²,

Jansen

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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Background Mosquito-borne pathogens contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, infecting millions of people each year. Mosquito feeding is critical to the transmission dynamics of pathogens, and thus it is important to understanding and interpreting mosquito feeding patterns. In this paper we explore mosquito feeding patterns and their implications for disease ecology through a meta-analysis of published blood meal results collected across Australia from more than 12,000 blood meals from 22 species. To assess mosquito-vertebrate associations and identify mosquitoes on a spectrum of generalist or specialist feeders, we analysed blood meal data in two ways; first using a novel odds ratio analysis, and secondly by calculating Shannon’s diversity scores. Results We find that each mosquito species had a unique feeding association with different vertebrates, suggesting species-specific feeding patterns. Broadly, mosquito species could be grouped broadly into those that were primarily ornithophilic and those that fed more often on livestock. Aggregated feeding patterns observed across Australia were not explained by intrinsic variables such as mosquito genetics or larval habitats. We discuss the implications for disease transmission by vector mosquito species classified as generalist-feeders (such as Aedes vigilax and Culex annulirostris ), or specialists (such as Aedes aegypti ) in light of potential influences on mosquito host choice. Conclusions Overall, we find that whilst existing blood meal studies in Australia are useful for investigating mosquito feeding patterns, standardisation of blood meal study methodologies and analyses, including the incorporation of vertebrate surveys, would improve predictions of the impact of vector-host interactions on disease ecology. Our analysis can also be used as a framework to explore mosquito-vertebrate associations, in which host availability data is unavailable, in other global systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3405-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens: an analysis of blood meal studies

Stephenson

Murphy²,

Jansen

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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“…The recent increased interest in maintenance mechanisms, reservoirs, and persistent infection of arboviruses [ 230 , 231 , 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 ], as well as in the issues concerned with defining a “vector” [ 240 ], underscores the importance of these topics. Thus, this review provides timely information to aid further discussion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate Reservoirs of Arboviruses: Myth, Synonym of Amplifier, or Reality?

Kuno

Mackenzie

Junglen

et al. 2017

Viruses

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The rapid succession of the pandemic of arbovirus diseases, such as dengue, West Nile fever, chikungunya, and Zika fever, has intensified research on these and other arbovirus diseases worldwide. Investigating the unique mode of vector-borne transmission requires a clear understanding of the roles of vertebrates. One major obstacle to this understanding is the ambiguity of the arbovirus definition originally established by the World Health Organization. The paucity of pertinent information on arbovirus transmission at the time contributed to the notion that vertebrates played the role of reservoir in the arbovirus transmission cycle. Because this notion is a salient feature of the arbovirus definition, it is important to reexamine its validity. This review addresses controversial issues concerning vertebrate reservoirs and their role in arbovirus persistence in nature, examines the genesis of the problem from a historical perspective, discusses various unresolved issues from multiple points of view, assesses the present status of the notion in light of current knowledge, and provides options for a solution to resolve the issue.

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“…Where data cannot be collected in conjunction with blood fed mosquitoes, alternative sources such as the Atlas of Living Australia and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) may offer a suitable proxy. This methodology has been adopted successfully in international blood meal studies [64, 65] and could be beneficial for future investigations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens; an analysis of blood meal studies.

Stephenson

Murphy

Jansen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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8Mosquito-borne pathogens contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, infecting 9 millions of people each year. Mosquito feeding is critical to the transmission dynamics of 10 pathogens, and thus it is important to understanding and interpreting mosquito feeding patterns. 11In this paper we explore mosquito feeding patterns and their implications for disease ecology 12 through a meta-analysis of published blood meal results collected across Australia from more 13 than 12,000 blood meals from 22 species. To assess mosquito-vertebrate associations and 14 identify mosquitoes on a spectrum of generalist or specialist feeders, we analysed blood meal 15 data in two ways; first using a novel odds ratio analysis, and secondly by calculating Shannon 16 diversity scores. We find that each mosquito species had a unique feeding association with 17 different vertebrates, suggesting species-specific feeding patterns. Broadly, mosquito species 18 could be grouped broadly into those that were primarily ornithophilic and those that fed more 19 often on livestock. Aggregated feeding patterns observed across Australia were not explained 20 by intrinsic variables such as mosquito genetics or larval habitats. We discuss the implications 21 for disease transmission by vector mosquito species classified as generalist-feeders (such as 22 Aedes vigilax and Culex annulirostris), or specialists (such as Aedes aegypti) in light of 23 potential influences on mosquito host choice. Overall, we find that whilst existing blood meal 24 studies in Australia are useful for investigating mosquito feeding patterns, standardisation of 25 blood meal study methodologies and analyses, including the incorporation of vertebrate 26 surveys, would improve predictions of the impact of vector-host interactions on disease 27 2 ecology. Our analysis can also be used as a framework to explore mosquito-vertebrate 28 associations, in which host availability data is unavailable, in other global systems. 29 Keywords 30 Blood meal; associations; vector; vertebrate; disease risk; blood feeding 31 on positive and negative experiences, in essence, adapting feeding choices according to their 52 individual circumstances [4]. 53 Mosquito-host relationships in Australia are largely understudied. The island biogeography of 54 Australia and its varied climatic zones and bioregions promote a unique endemic biodiversity 55 for mosquito and vertebrate host species. Along with a high diversity of native marsupials, 56 placental mammals and birds in Australia, there are more than 300 species of mosquitoes 57 described, many of which are unique to the continent [15]. The interactions between these 58 populations of mosquitoes and vertebrate hosts across different climatic zones provide 59 opportunities for maintenance and emergence of mosquito-borne pathogens. The transmission 60 of numerous medically-important arboviruses has been documented in Australia to date, 61 including dengue (DENV), Ross River (RRV), Murray valley encephalitis (MVEV), Barmah 62 Forest (BFV) an...

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Predicting the Potential Role of Non-human Hosts in Zika Virus Maintenance

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens: an analysis of blood meal studies

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens: an analysis of blood meal studies

Vertebrate Reservoirs of Arboviruses: Myth, Synonym of Amplifier, or Reality?

Interpreting mosquito feeding patterns in Australia through an ecological lens; an analysis of blood meal studies.

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