Predicting the performance and exhaust NOX emissions of a spark-ignition engine generator fueled with methane based biogases containing various amounts of CO2

Byun, Ju Suk; Park, Jungsoo

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2014.11.031

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Higher compression ratios of 13 and the decreasing CO 2 concentration from 41 to 20 vol% confirmed that a low CO 2 concentration increases the pressure in the cylinder and flame speed, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency and performance of the engine [47]. Increasing CO 2 concentration by more than 50 vol% significantly retards ignition timing and reduces burning rate [48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Hydrogen Addition on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of an SI Engine Fueled by Biogas

et al. 2021

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The global policy solution seeks to reduce the usage of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and biogas (BG) represents a solutions to these problems. The use of biogas could help cope with increased amounts of waste and reduce usage of fossil fuels. Biogas could be used in compressed natural gas (CNG) engines, but the engine electronic control unit (ECU) needs to be modified. In this research, a spark ignition (SI) engine was tested for mixtures of biogas and hydrogen (volumetric hydrogen concentration of 0, 14, 24, 33, and 43%). In all experiments, two cases of spark timing (ST) were used: the first for an optimal mixture and the second for CNG. The results show that hydrogen increases combustion quality and reduces incomplete combustion products. Because of BG’s lower burning speed, the advanced ST increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 4.3% when the engine was running on biogas. Adding 14 vol% of hydrogen (H2) increases the burning speed of the mixture and enhances BTE by 2.6% at spark timing optimal for CNG (CNG ST) and 0.6% at the optimal mixture ST (mixture ST). Analyses of the rate of heat release (ROHR), temperature, and pressure increase in the cylinder were carried out using utility BURN in AVL BOOST software.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Hydrogen Addition on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of an SI Engine Fueled by Biogas

et al. 2021

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“…The use of raw biogas with a high CO 2 content in ICEs profoundly affects the combustion process: it reduces the rate of heat release (RoHR), increases the combustion delay and combustion duration [10]. Combustion studies using a gas engine showed that the flame radius and flame speed decreased as the gas mixture's CO 2 content increased [11]. Biogas must therefore be upgraded before use to remove CO 2 and other impurities (notably water, hydrogen sulphide, and siloxanes) [12].…”

Section: Methane Based Gaseous Fuels In Si Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Methane Direct Injection with Stratified Charge Combustion in Optical SI Single Cylinder Engine

Melaika

Dahlander

2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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N atural gas, biogas, and biomethane are attractive fuels for compressed natural gas (CNG) engines because of their beneficial physical and chemical characteristics. This paper examines three combustion modes-homogeneous stoichiometric, homogeneous lean burn, and stratified combustion-in an optical single cylinder engine with a gas direct injection system operating with an injection pressure of 18 bar. The combustion process in each mode was characterized by indicated parameters, recording combustion images, and analysing combustion chemiluminescence emission spectra. Pure methane, which is the main component of CNG (up to 98%) or biomethane (> 98 %), was used as the fuel. Chemiluminescence emission spectrum analysis showed that OH* and CN* peaks appeared at their characteristic wavelengths in all three combustion modes. The peak of OH* and broadband CO 2 * intensities were strongly dependent on the air/fuel ratio conditions in the cylinder. Lower OH* and CO 2 * intensities were observed with lean air/fuel mixtures because under these conditions, more air was present, the combustion reactions were slower, and the cylinder pressure was higher. CN* was formed by the spark plasma and was detected over a particularly long period when using a dual coil ignition system. The intensities of the OH* and CN* signals correlated when using this ignition system. Combustion image analysis showed that the flame had a wrinkled boundary in stoichiometric and lean burn modes and was especially distorted in stratified mode. No yellow soot luminescence was observed during homogeneous combustion. However, the emission spectra and combustion images acquired during stratified combustion showed that soot formation occurred due to the presence of fuel-rich areas with inadequate mixing in the cylinder. The difficulty of maintaining stable fuel injection, achieving proper air/fuel mixing, and ensuring stable flame propagation in lean air/fuel mixtures increased cycle-to-cycle variations. However, the homogeneous lean burn and stratified combustion modes achieved significantly lower indicated specific fuel consumption values than stoichiometric combustion.

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“…Gas engines and boilers are a good way to use biogas, but as heating needs are seasonal, if we do not consider technological heat—as that is usually not present at agricultural sites—electricity generation becomes necessary to maintain a biogas plant. Therefore, in determining the economic potential, we assumed that biogas plants would use gas engines that can operate with unpurified biogas as long as the methane content is around or above 55% . Most substrates of agricultural origin result in at least this high a methane content as Table shows.…”

Section: Economic Potential—biogas Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the biogas potential of agricultural by‐products in a Hungarian subregion

Ihász

Laza

2016

WIREs Energy & Environment

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There are huge possibilities in using agricultural by-products for power or heat generation CHP, but this is still underdeveloped in Hungary. As the assessment of available capacities is an essential criterion of increased utilization, a method is provided to determine the biogas potential. The amount of available agricultural by-products to be used as substrate for biogas production in a Hungarian subregion is investigated as an example. The amount of biogas to be produced gives the theoretical potential from which the economic potential can also be estimated, taking into account the feasibility of certain types of biogas plants. The possibilities are shown through the example of a Central-Eastern European subregion with typical agricultural production. The biogas potential is calculated from the by-product generation of the agriculture, including both the farmers and large companies and unused arable lands as well. Although there are other possible biogas substrates available, such as sewage and communal waste, the goal is to determine how agriculture could participate in the energy production of the region, so these were not included in the calculation of biogas potential. The biogas could replace more than 35 million m 3 of natural gas, which is about 70% of the subregion's annual consumption or could be used to generate 123,692 MWh/a of electricity, which corresponds to 56% of the area's annual electricity consumption.

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Predicting the performance and exhaust NOX emissions of a spark-ignition engine generator fueled with methane based biogases containing various amounts of CO2

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Hydrogen Addition on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of an SI Engine Fueled by Biogas

Effect of Hydrogen Addition on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of an SI Engine Fueled by Biogas

Experimental Investigation of Methane Direct Injection with Stratified Charge Combustion in Optical SI Single Cylinder Engine

Determining the biogas potential of agricultural by‐products in a Hungarian subregion

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