Predicting the Happiness of Adolescents Based on Coping Styles and Religious Attitudes

Abstract

The study aimed to predict the happiness of adolescents based on coping styles and religious attitudes. To this end, the correlational research methodology was used. In total, 381 subjects were selected from adolescents of Semnan (Eastern province of Iran), using multistage clustering sampling method. Research tools were Ways of Coping Questionnaire by Lazarus, Golriz and Barahani's Religious Attitude Questionnaire, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results of Pearson's correlation demonstrated a significant positive relationship between happiness of adolescents and variables of problem-focused coping styles (r = 0.31, P < 0.01) and religious attitudes (r = 0.129, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a negative significant association was observed between emotion-focused coping styles and happiness (r = -0.184, P < 0.01). Moreover, results of multiple regression analysis indicated that the listed variables explained 17% of the variance of happiness in totality. According to the results, it is recommended that use of problem-focused styles be emphasized in addition to strengthening of religious attitudes to increase the happiness of adolescents.

The relationship between spiritual well-being and happiness among healthcare students: Application of the spiritual health questionnaire for the Iranian population

“…1 The total score ranges from 0-87 and is categorized as low (0-28), moderate , and high (58-87). 2 Total score ranges from 10-60 and is categorized as low (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), moderate , and high (50-60). 3 The score ranges from 20-120 and is categorized as low , moderate (41-99), and high (100-120).…”

“…According to the literature, SWB is a major contributor to happiness in many cultures [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In Iran, as the host to the largest population of Shia Muslims, there is an increasing interest to assess the relationship between SWB and happiness [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], particularly in university students [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. However, few researchers have addressed this relationship in Iranian healthcare students.…”

One Religion, Two Tales: Religion and Happiness in Urban and Rural Areas of China

“…Religion is a subjective belief (or set of beliefs) that influences the desired life values, life styles, and life purposes of religious people (Cohen and Johnson 2017;Devine et al 2019;Fariddanesh and Rezaei 2019;Lun and Bond 2013). Thus, religion influences religious peoples' subjective responses to objective factors.…”

“…Meanwhile, scholars have proposed that among different cultural contexts, such as those found in East Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East (e.g., Lim et al 2019;Devine et al 2019;Fariddanesh and Rezaei 2019), there has only been a very small volume of literature focusing on countries where atheism is the social norm (McCullough and Willoughby 2009;Potter 2003;Wielander 2017;Thege et al 2013;Yang 2006). China is considered to be much less religious than many Western countries (Overmyer and Edmonds 2003;Wang et al 2015).…”

The Relationships between Optimism, Happiness and Religious Coping

“…In 1998, Seligman revealed in his book Learned Optimism that there are many types of research about optimism and pessimism. Learned optimism was also an antithesis to the learned helplessness of mainstream psychology (Fariddanesh & Rezaei, 2019;Seligman, 2006Seligman, , 2013Strümpfer, 2006) of mental illness and mental health, along which waxing and waning in the process of fortigenesis moves individuals in the directions of more or less strength; Seligman and Peterson observed that spirituality (or religiosity) is universal and positive psychologists state that spirituality and religiosity are very important in mental health (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). In addition, psychologists who work on religiosity benefit a lot from positive psychology (Snyder & Lopez, 2002).…”