Predicting the fire resistance of timber members loaded in tension

Fragiacomo, Massimo; Menis, Agnese; Moss, Peter; Clemente, Isaia; Buchanan, Andrew; Nicolo, Barbara De

doi:10.1002/fam.2117

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The idea is that the use of more accurate formulations will lead in general to less conservative designs. However, while the use of the thermal properties provided in [4] generally agrees well with the more conservative simplified design methods [14,15], the use of the mechanical properties given in [4] leads in many cases to more conservative solutions, i.e. a zero-strength layer of greater depth [11,16].…”

Section: Fire Technology 2014mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Reduced Cross-Section Method for Evaluation of the Fire Resistance of Timber Members: Discussion and Determination of the Zero-Strength Layer

et al. 2014

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The reduced cross-section method (RCSM) is included in Eurocode 5 (EN-1995-1-2) for the design of timber members in fire conditions. The method considers the strength and stiffness reduction beneath the charred layer by adding an additional depth (known as the 'zero-strength' layer) to the charring depth. The zerostrength layer is one of the key parameters for the fire design of timber members. Recently, some concerns have been raised that the zero-strength layer might be nonconservative in some applications. This paper presents the background to the RCSM, followed by a short discussion on the mechanical assumptions, simplifications and possible limitations of the method itself. Further, it discusses determination of the zero-strength layer thickness for members in bending, tension and compression, and provides guidelines on the use of standard experimental tests to determine this quantity. For demonstration of the determination procedure, the results of fire tests in bending, tension and compression were analysed following the described procedure. Results show that the zero-strength layer exceeds the value used in practice, indicate that the method of Eurocode 5 may be non-conservative and should be revised.

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Section: Fire Technology 2014mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Reduced Cross-Section Method for Evaluation of the Fire Resistance of Timber Members: Discussion and Determination of the Zero-Strength Layer

et al. 2014

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“…The effect of fire, considered as a reduction in modulus of elasticity and strength, was already assessed in a time-dependent thermal analysis. The prediction of fire resistance was found to be reasonable, with the difference being only 5% between the numerical and experimental results [7]. Schmid and Frangi investigated the fire dynamics and heat stored in the char layer as a critical factor for buildings exposed to fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Using Optimization Algorithms-Based ANN to Determine the Temperatures in Timber Exposed to Fire for a Long Duration

2022

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The article investigates the temperature prediction in rectangular timber cross-sections exposed to fire. Timber density, exposure time, and the point coordinates within the cross-section are treated as inputs to determine the temperatures. A total of 54,776 samples of wood cross-sections with a variety of characteristics were considered in this study. Of the sample data, 70% was dedicated to training the networks, while the remaining 30% was used for testing the networks. Feed-forward networks with various topologies were employed to examine the temperatures of timber exposed to fire for more than 1500 s. The weight of the artificial neural network was optimized using bat and genetic algorithms. The results conclude that both algorithms are efficient and accurate tools for determining the temperatures, with the bat algorithm being marginally superior in accuracy than the genetic algorithm.

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“…Massimo Fragiacomo et al [17], in 2013, published a numerical model developed to predict the fire resistance of wooden elements. The computational method consisted of a double evaluation using the process defined by the code.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Analysis for the Evaluation of Fire Resistance in Constructive Wooden Elements with Protection

Pereira,

Fonseca,

Osório

2024

Applied Sciences

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Wood is a material whose properties vary depending on different conditions, being particularly vulnerable to changes induced by high temperatures. When exposed to a fire situation, the wood properties suffer degradation, causing a char layer formation. Despite ensuring the protection of the inner core of the wood, the char layer reduces its resistant section. The evaluation of wood behavior under fire conditions is possible through experimental tests, simplified analytical models, and numerical models. To overcome difficulties in the development of experimental tests and in the approximations made to analytical methods, numerical models allow the evaluation of the fire resistance in a parametric way. First, this study will present a numerical model validated with an experimental test, using the finite element method. The validation of the results is based on the evolution of the temperature field, the char layer formation on the wooden elements, and its residual section, as well as the application of the thermal insulation criterion. The second part of the study evaluates the influence of geometric parameters, associated with different wooden constructive models with gypsum board exposed to fire. Different numerical tests are presented to evaluate the thermal and transient analysis of different wooden constructive elements with gypsum board. This type of constructive element presents cavities, making the numerical analysis in the study complex when approaching real models. The methodology applied allowed us to conclude that, at the same time, a smaller distance between wooden centers, a greater dimension of the wooden beam in height and width, as well as a greater thickness of gypsum board guarantee a better performance of the constructive wooden model.

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Predicting the fire resistance of timber members loaded in tension

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

The Reduced Cross-Section Method for Evaluation of the Fire Resistance of Timber Members: Discussion and Determination of the Zero-Strength Layer

The Reduced Cross-Section Method for Evaluation of the Fire Resistance of Timber Members: Discussion and Determination of the Zero-Strength Layer

Using Optimization Algorithms-Based ANN to Determine the Temperatures in Timber Exposed to Fire for a Long Duration

Computational Analysis for the Evaluation of Fire Resistance in Constructive Wooden Elements with Protection

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