Predicting the direction of sexual selection

Kokko,; Monaghan, Sean J.

doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00212.x

Cited by 241 publications

(282 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As in the model of Kokko and Monaghan (2001), we use lifetime reproductive success as fitness measure. The number of offspring a female can produce per mating depends on the number of sperm the male transmits in each spermatophore.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each parameter combination, we first calculate the lifetime reproductive success W of all strategies. Female fitness is calculated according to Kokko and Monaghan (2001) as Mean length of accepted mates mm…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we used a life history-based model (Kokko and Monaghan 2001) to explore how mate choosiness change with population density, mate quality, and length of the non-receptive period after matings ('time outs'). This allows us to compare the relative importance of these factors for the strength of sexual selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

2012

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The importance of sexual selection for the evolution, dynamics and adaptation of organisms is well known for many species. However, the topic is rarely studied in marine plankton, the basis of the marine food web. Copepods show behaviors that suggest the existence of sexually selected traits, and recent laboratory experiments identified some selected morphological traits. Here, we use a 'life history-based' model of sex roles to determine the optimal choosiness behavior of male and female copepods for important copepod traits. Copepod females are predicted to be choosy at population densities typically occurring during the main breeding season, whereas males are not. The main drivers of this pattern are population density and the difference in non-receptive periods between males and females. This suggests that male reproductive traits have evolved mainly due to mate competition. The model can easily be parameterized for other planktonic organisms, and be used to plan experiments about sexual selection.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

2012

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“…Also, in avian species where just female care is observed the ASR tends to be female biased. Kokko and Monaghan (2001) note that the relationship between mortality and patterns of parental care may be complex. For example, suppose in a species where only female care is observed, the mortality rate of males increases due to increased male-male competition (this may be due to density dependent effects).…”

Section: This Leads Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

A large population parental care game: Polymorphisms and feedback between patterns of care and the operational sex ratio

Ramsey

2010

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Cite this article as: David M. Ramsey, A large population parental care game: Polymorphisms and feedback between patterns of care and the operational sex ratio, Journal of Theoretical Biology, doi:10.1016Biology, doi:10. /j.jtbi.2010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A LARGE POPULATION PARENTAL CARE GAME: POLYMORPHISMS AND FEEDBACK BETWEEN PATTERNS OF CARE AND THE OPERATIONAL SEX RATIO DAVID M. RAMSEYAbstract. This article presents a game theoretic model of parental care which models the feedback between patterns of care and the operational sex ratio. It is assumed here that males can be in one of two states: searching for a mate or breeding (including caring for their offspring).Females can be in one of three states: receptive (searching), non-receptive or breeding. However, these sets of states can be adapted to the physiology of a particular species. The length of time an individual remains in the breeding state depends on the level of care an individual gives.When in the searching state, individuals find partners at a rate dependent on the proportion of members of the opposite sex searching. These rates are defined to satisfy the Fisher condition that the total number of offspring of males equals the total number of offspring of females.The operational sex ratio is not defined exogenously, but can be derived from the adult sex ratio and the pattern of parental care. Pure strategy profiles and so called single sex stable polymorphisms, in which behaviour is varied within one sex, are derived analytically. The difference between mixed evolutionarily stable strategies and stable polymorphisms within this framework is highlighted. The effect of various physiological and demographic parameters on patterns of care are considered.

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“…By definition, biases in this ratio lead to stronger intrasexual competition for mates in the sex occurring in 'excess' while favouring the evolution of greater selectivity in the choice of mating partners by the sex in 'shortage' (Clutton-Brock & Parker 1992;Kokko & Monaghan 2001;Clutton-Brock 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Reversing sex role reversal: compete only when you must

Silva¹,

Vieira²,

Almada³

et al. 2010

Animal Behaviour

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Keywords:black striped pipefish competition female-female-interaction mating tactics operational sex ratio (OSR) sex role reversal Syngnathidae Syngnathus abasterThe operational sex ratio (OSR) is thought to be a major factor influencing the intensity of mating competition and sexual selection. Even though many studies on species with conventional sex roles have shown that alterations in the OSR can either intensify male-male competition or promote female-female competitive interactions, sometimes resulting in a reversal of sex roles, it is not known how, and how quickly, individuals with reversed sex roles respond to fluctuations in this ratio. We tested for a direct influence of adult sex ratios (as a direct estimation of the OSR) on the reproductive behaviour of the sex role-reversed black striped pipefish, Syngnathus abaster. Although imbalances in the OSR effectively modulated the expression of sex roles, with males and females varying in the degree of choosiness and competitive displays, alterations in the sex ratios did not promote a similar response pattern in both sexes. A surplus of males resulted in a reversion to conventional sex roles observed when both sexes coexist in similar numbers, with males competing intensely and exhibiting a conspicuous ornament towards other males. An excess of females, in contrast, did not result in an overall increase in female competitive interactions. Only small, less attractive, females were more prone to compete as the proportion of males decreased. Large females, however, seemed to rely on their greater mating prospects, thereby avoiding the hypothetical costs of intrasexual competition. Ó

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Predicting the direction of sexual selection

Cited by 241 publications

References 27 publications

Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

Optimal mate choice patterns in pelagic copepods

A large population parental care game: Polymorphisms and feedback between patterns of care and the operational sex ratio

Reversing sex role reversal: compete only when you must

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