Predicting the Development of Diabetes Using the Product of Triglycerides and Glucose: The Chungju Metabolic Disease Cohort (CMC) Study

Abstract

BackgroundTo determine whether the TyG index, a product of the levels of triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) might be a valuable marker for predicting future diabetes.MethodsA total of 5,354 nondiabetic subjects who had completed their follow-up visit for evaluating diabetes status were selected from a large cohort of middle-aged Koreans in the Chungju Metabolic Disease Cohort study. The risk of diabetes was assessed according to the baseline TyG index, calculated as ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × FPG (mg/dL)/2]. The median follow-up period was 4.6 years.ResultsDuring the follow-up period, 420 subjects (7.8%) developed diabetes. The baseline values of the TyG index were significantly higher in these subjects compared with nondiabetic subjects (8.9±0.6 vs. 8.6±0.6; P<0.0001) and the incidence of diabetes increased in proportion to TyG index quartiles. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, a family history of diabetes, smoking, alcohol drinking, education level and serum insulin level, the risk of diabetes onset was more than fourfold higher in the highest vs. the lowest quartile of the TyG index (relative risk, 4.095; 95% CI, 2.701–6.207). The predictive power of the TyG index was better than the triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio or the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.ConclusionsThe TyG index, a simple measure reflecting insulin resistance, might be useful in identifying individuals at high risk of developing diabetes.

The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) is an effective biomarker to identify nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Notably, the cut-off point of 8.5 was quite different from the finding of 4.58 by Simental-Mendia [7], the reason for this may be explained by the different metabolic status among subjects from the two studies or the different ethnicities. The TyG level in our study was similar to that of other population from Korea [27, 32], America [33], France [30], and Spain [26], whereas the level of TyG in studies from Mexico was close to that of participants from Italy [31]. We also found that the diagnostic accuracy of TyG was superior to ALT, even if the optimal cut-off point of ALT was 20.5 U/L with a sensitivity of 66.1% and specificity of 65.9%.…”

“…Recently, there is growing interest in the TyG index. Several studies have reported that the TyG index was associated with the development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [26, 27]. Although the TyG index mathematical model was developed in Mexican population, our prior study showed that the TyG index was effective to identify the risk of insulin resistance (assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) in Chinese individuals [28].…”

Optimal cutoff for the evaluation of insulin resistance through triglyceride-glucose index: A cross-sectional study in a Venezuelan population

“…In fact, the TGI appears to be a better predictor of incidence of DM2 than TAG 38 , weight gain 43 and other IR indices, such as TAG/HDL and HOMA-IR 41 . Moreover, Lee et al .…”

“…Base on previous analyzes, the usefulness of the TGI has been extended in several regions of the world, being also used in the screening of other pathological metabolic states in which the IR underlies the fundamental pathophysiological mechanism, such as DM2 41 and atypical metabolic phenotypes 42, 43 . In fact, the TGI appears to be a better predictor of incidence of DM2 than TAG 38 , weight gain 43 and other IR indices, such as TAG/HDL and HOMA-IR 41 .…”

Predictive Value of Glucose Parameters Obtained From Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests in Identifying Individuals at High Risk for the Development of Diabetes in Korean Population

“…20 The baseline study was performed in 2003 to 2006, and enrolled 11,718 participants from 334 districts selected by stratified random cluster sampling. The subjects were followed-up at 4-year intervals in the second (2007–2010) and the third (2011–2014) phases of the study.…”