Predicting the continued use of overlays in school children – a comparison of the Developmental Eye Movement test and the Rate of Reading test

Northway, Nadia

doi:10.1046/j.1475-1313.2003.00144.x

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…This figure is slightly higher than Wilkins et al 5 (73% sensitivity) and considerably higher than that found by Northway 4 (60%). The DEM test predicted 77% of children consistently using overlays, compared with 88% found by Northway.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The DEM test predicted 77% of children consistently using overlays, compared with 88% found by Northway. 4 The majority of children in this study who consistently used overlays showed improvements in performance when using overlays on both the WRRT and the DEM test, whilst those who did not consistently use overlays generally did not. A significant correlation was found between the WRRT and DEM test both with and without overlays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The efficacy of the Wilkins Rate of Reading Test (WRRT) and the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test as objective methods to predict the continued use of coloured overlays on reading in children have been reported in the literature. [4][5][6][7] The Institute of Optometry Pattern Glare Test (PGT) has been advocated and marketed as being helpful in identifying those with reading difficulties who are likely to benefit from using coloured overlays. However, to date no data on the sensitivity of the test for predicting the continued use of overlays in children has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the long-term use of overlays in children: the Pattern Glare Test

Short¹,

Firth

2015

British and Irish Orthoptic Journal

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Aim: To determine whether the Institute of Optometry Pattern Glare Test (PGT) could be used as a sensitive tool to predict the continued use of coloured overlays for reading in schoolchildren aged 7 to 12 years and to compare its sensitivity with that of the Wilkins Rate of Reading Test (WRRT) and the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test. Methods: Twenty-six children referred for a coloured overlay assessment in relation to difficulties with literacy skills were recruited to the study. An assessment took place which included orthoptic examination, coloured overlay assessment, PGT, WRRT and DEM test. The overlay chosen was provided for use at home and at school and followup took place 13-15 weeks later. Overlay usage was then analysed in relation to the scores recorded at the initial visit for PGT, WRRT and DEM test. Results: Nineteen children were still consistently using their overlays at the follow-up visit. No statistically significant difference was found in the PGT score of those children who consistently used overlays (group 1) compared with those who did not (group 2) (unpaired t-test, p = 0.62). The PGT was found to have 53% sensitivity in predicting those children who would consistently use overlays, compared with 79% for the WRRT and 77% for the DEM test. Conclusion: This study did not find the PGT to be a sensitive tool for predicting those children who would consistently use overlays in comparison with the WRRT and the DEM test.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the long-term use of overlays in children: the Pattern Glare Test

Short¹,

Firth

2015

British and Irish Orthoptic Journal

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“…The reading gains with the use of spectral overlays cannot be explained by refractive or orthotic problems [5-7]. The 5% improvement in RRT-en is considered a good index of sustained use of spectral overlays, as it predicts 60–73% of the readers who will continue to use them for at least 3 months after their prescription [8, 12, 14]. However, the 5% improvement in reading rate with a preferred overlay may be considered too lax.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Spectral Overlays on Reading Performance of Brazilian Elementary School Children

Garcia

Momensohn-Santos

Vilhena

2017

Folia Phoniatr Logop

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Objective: To investigate the effects of spectral overlays on reading performance of Brazilian elementary school children. Methods: Sixty-eight children (aged 9–12 years) enrolled in the 5th and 6th grade were included in the study. The Rate of Reading Test (RRT – Brazilian Portuguese version) was used to evaluate reading speed and the Irlen Reading Perceptual Scale was used to allocate the sample according to reading difficulty/discomfort symptoms and to define the optimal spectral overlays. Results: A total of 13% of the children presented an improvement of at least 15% in reading speed with the use of spectral overlays. Pupils with severe reading difficulties tended to have more improvement in RRT with spectral overlays. Children with severe reading discomfort obtained the highest gains in RRT, with an average of 9.6% improvement with intervention, compared to a decrease of –8.2% in the control group. Participants with severe discomfort had an odds ratio of 3.36 to improve reading speed with intervention compared to the control group. Conclusion: The use of spectral overlays can improve reading performance, particularly in those children with severe visual discomfort.

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“…Few authors have compared horizontal scanning using a reading test and a number-naming task. Larter et al [10] found that the horizontal DEM test clearly differentiates children at risk of having problems with reading, and Northway [14] observed that dyslexic children who scored lower in the rate of reading test (RRT) took longer at the horizontal DEM test. However, this relationship has not been examined in poor readers without dyslexia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%