Predicting suicidal behaviour after first episode of non-affective psychosis: The role of neurocognitive functioning

Canal‐Rivero, Manuel; López-Moriñigo, Javier-David; Setién-Suero, Esther; Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel; Ayuso-Mateos, José Luís; Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa; Crespo‐Facorro, Benedicto

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.06.001

Cited by 22 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Suicide attempters may have different neurocognitive characteristics than non-attempters, which suggests that comprehensive neurocognitive assessments are needed to investigate their relationship. 37 Furthermore, the cognitive performance of SCZ patients varies over time. 38 Meanwhile, impairments in the serotonin neurotransmitter system and the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis stress response system significantly affect cognitive performance, 39 which could lead to changes in cognitive function in SCZ patients, regardless of suicidal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide attempts in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia: cognitive, demographic, and clinical variables

Dai

Wang

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the lifetime suicide attempt rate, clinical characteristics and cognitive function of Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia who had attempted suicide. Methods: We collected data from 908 schizophrenia inpatients about suicide attempts through interviews with the patients and their families, as well as through medical records. All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects, the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, and the Repeated Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. Results: Of this sample, 97 (10.68%) had attempted suicide. Patients who had attempted suicide were younger, had longer illness duration, and more severe general psychopathology and depressive symptoms than those who had not. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that suicide attempts were correlated with age, smoking, and depression. No cognitive performance differences were observed between patients who had and had not attempted suicide. Conclusions: In China, patients with chronic schizophrenia may have a higher prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts than the general population. Some demographic and clinical variables were related to suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide attempts in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia: cognitive, demographic, and clinical variables

Dai

Wang

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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“…It is well known that the severity of depressive symptoms was the most robust risk factor of suicidal behaviors in psychiatric disease 46,47 . Accordingly, a study of long-term hospitalized SCZ patients in China found that 72% of suicidal attempts were accompanied by depressive symptoms 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTHFR Ala222Val polymorphism and clinical characteristics confer susceptibility to suicide attempt in chronic patients with schizophrenia

Liu

Zhu

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) exhibit higher suicide rates than the general population. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for the high rate of suicidal behavior in SCZ remains poorly understood. MTHFR Ala222Val (C677T; rs 1801133) polymorphism has repeatedly demonstrated to play a pathological role in numerous mental disorders, but none of these studies focused on the susceptibility of suicidal behavior in SCZ. In the present cross-sectional study, we recruited 957 chronic inpatients with SCZ and 576 healthy controls to assess the psychopathological symptoms of SCZ and compare the frequency of the MTHFR Ala222Val genotype in both suicide attempters and non-attempters. Our results demonstrated no significant differences in MTHFR Ala222Val genotype and allele distributions between the SCZ patients and controls (p > 0.05), but showed a statistical significance in the distribution of Ala/Val genotype between suicide attempters and nonattempters (p < 0.05). Further logistic regression analysis showed that MTHFR Ala222Val genotype, psychopathological symptoms, number of cigarettes smoked per day and drinking status were related to suicide attempts in SCZ (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that MTHFR Ala222Val polymorphism and some clinical characteristics might confer susceptibility to suicide in patients with SCZ. Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) are at high risk for attempting and completing suicide. Suicide is characterized by intentional termination of one's life, which is an important sequelae of chronic schizophrenia 1,2. To date, suicide has been considered one of the most common causes of premature death in SCZ patients 3. The average life expectancy of patients with SCZ is estimated to have decreased by approximately 14.6 years by suicide 4. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms for the suicidality of SCZ patients are still unclear, particularly the biological pathological mechanism. Evidence from twins, adoption, and family studies showed a significant increase of suicidal rates in suicidal probands 5 , which suggests that genetic risk factors may play an important role in suicidal behavior. The heritability of suicidal behavior is about 45%, while environmental components account for 57% 6. Based on earlier genetic association studies focusing on several biological systems associated with suicidal attempts, a variety of potential candidate genes have been identified. For example, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor (NTRK2), which are highly expressed in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, have been shown as strong candidates for suicide; however, these results are controversial 6. Also, another biological system involved in serotonergic transmission has been found to be candidate genes for suicidal behavior, including a tryptophan hydroxylase involved in synthesis, monoamine oxidase A involved in degradation, and a serotonin-1-A receptor involved in transmission 7. Studies have demonstrated that nearly 90-98% of suicides are committed by people with some type of ...

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“…Another study found that the severity of negative symptoms was lower in schizophrenia patients who attempted suicide (37). With respect to cognitive performance, decreased global cognitive functioning and visual memory predicted suicidal behavior in non-affective psychosis (38). In a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis in over 80,000 patients with schizophrenia, depressive symptoms, the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) general score, and the number of hospitalizations were higher in patients with suicidal ideation (39).…”

Section: Mortality In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Symptoms in Schizophrenia Include Decreased Mortality

et al. 2018

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Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence of about 1%. People with schizophrenia have a 4-fold higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than the general population, mainly because of antipsychotic treatment but perhaps also because of decreased physical activity. Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and the risk of these diseases is 2- to 3-fold higher in schizophrenia patients than in the general population. The suicide risk is also higher in schizophrenia, partly as a result of depression, positive, and cognitive symptoms of the disease. The higher suicide rate and higher rate of cardiac mortality, a consequence of the increased prevalance of cardiovascular diseases, contribute to the reduced life expectancy, which is up to 20 years lower than in the general population. Regular physical activity, especially in combination with psychosocial and dietary interventions, can improve parameters of the metabolic syndrome and cardiorespiratory fitness. Furthermore, aerobic exercise has been shown to improve cognitive deficits; total symptom severity, including positive and negative symptoms; depression; quality of life; and global functioning. High-intensity interval endurance training is a feasible and effective way to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic parameters and has been established as such in somatic disorders. It may have more beneficial effects on the metabolic state than more moderate and continuous endurance training methods, but to date it has not been investigated in schizophrenia patients in controlled, randomized trials. This review discusses physical training methods to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce metabolic syndrome risk factors and symptoms in schizophrenia patients. The results of studies and future high-quality clinical trials are expected to lead to the development of an evidence-based physical training program for patients that includes practical recommendations, such as the optimal length and type of aerobic exercise programs and the ideal combination of exercise, psychoeducation, and individual weight management sessions.

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Predicting suicidal behaviour after first episode of non-affective psychosis: The role of neurocognitive functioning

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Suicide attempts in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia: cognitive, demographic, and clinical variables

Suicide attempts in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia: cognitive, demographic, and clinical variables

MTHFR Ala222Val polymorphism and clinical characteristics confer susceptibility to suicide attempt in chronic patients with schizophrenia

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Symptoms in Schizophrenia Include Decreased Mortality

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