Predicting Substance Use Patterns Among Rural Adults: The Roles of Mothers, Fathers, and Parenthood

Abstract

This study examined the role of parenthood and parental influences on substance use patterns for 710 stimulant users age 18-61 living in the rural Midwest and Mid-south U.S. Longitudinal growth analyses showed that a maternal history of drug use was associated with increased baseline drug use severity, lesser declines in severity, and greater plateau of drug use severity over time. Parental conflict was associated with lesser declines in drug use severity, and drug use severity declined more steeply for participants who were themselves parents. Participants with two parents having a history of alcohol use had a greater baseline severity of alcohol use, with paternal history of drug use associated with lower baseline alcohol use severity. These findings demonstrate the importance of identifying parental influences in evaluating adult substance use, and point to the inclusion of parents in efforts to prevent and treat substance use disorders.

Hazardous alcohol use and alcohol-related harm in rural and remote communities: a scoping review

“…A PRISMA flow diagram for study selection is presented in the figure . 12 005 eligible articles were identified after duplicates were removed, of which 11 192 were excluded Review during title and abstract screening (93•8% agree ment, κ=0•67) and 543 articles were excluded during full-text screening (90•4% agreement, κ=0•79). Ten articles were included after searching the reference lists of included studies and excluded reviews, resulting in the inclusion of 280 articles (appendix pp [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

“…Therefore, we encourage the reader to consider each of these studies on race and ethnicity within their own historical and sociological context. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Rural relative to urban residence was not universally associated with an increased likelihood of harmful alcohol use. Building on this finding, the community that one lived in was another commonly identified risk factor for negative alcohol-related outcomes, indicating that, even within rural regions, there is substantial variability in the likelihood of hazardous alcohol use and alcohol-related harms.…”