Predicting self‐esteem during unemployment: The effect of gender, financial deprivation, alternate roles, and social support

Abstract

Two hundred and one unemployed men and women participated in a crosssectional study that assessed self-esteem, financial deprivation, number of alternate roles, and use of social support. Financial deprivation, alternate roles, and social support each had a main effect on self-esteem. In addition, these variables interacted with gender to affect self-esteem. Specifically, financial deprivation had a greater negative association with self-esteem in men as compared with women. In contrast, alternate roles and social support had a stronger positive relationship to self-esteem in women than in men. The incorporation of these findings into intervention programs for unemployed persons is discussed.

Parental Job Loss and Children's School Performance

“…While speculative, these arguments are also consistent with empirical studies documenting that the mental distress experienced by displaced workers is generally more severe for men than women (McKee-Ryan et al 2005, Grzywacz and Dooley 2003, Waters and Moore 2002.…”

The impact of unemployment on school leavers’ perception of health. Mediating effect of financial situation and social contacts?

“…As mentioned earlier, one of the most important protective factors from the negative consequences of unemployment is social support (Roberts et al 1997;Waters & Moore 2002, Axelsson & Ejlertsson 2002, Bjarnason & Sigurdardottir 2004. As unemployed individuals in our research did not differ in number of friends or feelings of loneliness from the employed and students, it can be assumed that their social support is good enough to protect their health.…”

“…In this study on health consequences of unemployment we paid attention to the gender of respondents. Among adults, there is more or less consistent evidence that females cope with unemployment better than males, and the negative effect of job loss on their health is not so strong as among males (Waters & Moore, 2002;Artazcoz et al 2004). However, this fi nding seems not to be confi rmed among youth, either in the present or in any other studies.…”

Socioeconomic indicators and ethnicity as determinants of regional mortality rates in Slovakia

“…The phenomenon of unemployment among females is artificially reduced by household work or maternity and parental leave, which lasts for three years in the Slovak Republic. Furthermore, it has been found that females experience their unemployment less negatively than males, which could lead to lower mortality rates 3,10,25,27,29 . These could be the reasons why the overall influence of female unemployment on their mortality is reduced.…”