Predicting Problem Gambling in Australian Adults Using a Multifaceted Model of Impulsivity

Blain, Blake; Gill, Peter; Teese, Robert

doi:10.1080/14459795.2015.1029960

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A higher BMI was associated with greater immediate gratification, and less value was placed on future rewards (Weller et al, 2008). These studies, along with research that connects BMI to impulsivity (e.g., Algren et al, 2015) and impulsivity to gambling (e.g., Blain et al, 2015;Vitaro et al,1999), provide support for a positive link between BMI and gambling, as observed from some of the gambling types in the current study. Previous research found that, compared with non-obese gamblers, obese gamblers are more likely to make more irrational choices because they are less able to moderate their risk taking (Grant et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Indeed, several studies reported that impulsivity is a natural attribute of gambling (Steel & Blaszczynski, 1998;Vitaro, Arseneault, & Tremblay, 1999). Furthermore, the issue of impulse control is often associated with problem gambling (Algren et al, 2015;Blain, Gill, & Teese, 2015;Nower & Blaszczynski, 2006;Tang & Wu, 2012). If this is true, BMI may also be related to gambling through the mediation of impulsivity.…”

Section: Gambling and Its Potential Association With Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Gambling Level Across Different Gambling Types

Lam¹,

Mok²

2017

JGI

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Individuals' body weight, measured in terms of body mass index (BMI), has been linked to various health issues in the literature. Recently, a positive relationship has been found between obesity and the level of problem gambling. In this exploratory study, we investigate the association between BMI, obesity, and gambling frequency across multiple types of leisure gambling. Data collected by the Pew Research Center among 1,473 gamblers was used to tests the links between BMI and gambling frequency for 16 types of leisure gambling activities. After we accounted for the effects of age, educational level, and family income and corrected for multiple comparisons, the results showed that obese participants (BMI X 30) conducted significantly more gambling activities in two types of gambling, namely, playing bingo for money and buying state lottery tickets. Moreover, among female gamblers only, BMI was positively associated with frequency of gambling related to casinos, college basketball, and video poker machines. The findings of this exploratory study allow a better understanding of the potential risk factors of obesity and may be of value to public policy makers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Gambling and Its Potential Association With Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Gambling Level Across Different Gambling Types

Lam¹,

Mok²

2017

JGI

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“…Sensation seeking and lack of premeditation have had mixed results and lack of perseverance is typically not associated with problem gambling. Positive urgency, has had support in the few recent studies that have tested this and it appears to be recording similar effect sizes to negative urgency [22,23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The Blain et al [23] study appeared to improve on the seminal studies of positive urgency by recruiting a sample of 267 gamblers from the community. The sample was recruited online but may not be representative of the problem gambling population as it included 32 undergraduate psychology students and the majority (77 %) of the total sample was aged under 49 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Impulsivity Predictors of Problem Gambling and Impaired Control

Haw

2015

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Previous studies of the relationship between impulsivity and problem gambling have produced inconsistent results due to sampling issues and the measures utilised. The current study assessed five facets of impulsivity as predictors of both gambling impaired control and problem gambling in a random sample of 309 regular EGM players. The measures included the UPPS-P for impulsivity, the PGSI for problem gambling and the impaired control scale from the SLUGS. This sample comprised 173 women (56 %) with a mean age of 59.15 years and 146 men with a mean age of 57.18 years. Results revealed that lack of perseverance was not a predictor of either gambling measure and that negative urgency was the strongest predictor of both impaired control and problem gambling. The negative urgency result is discussed in the context of the pathways models and the emotionally vulnerable problem gambler. It was also found that for the PGSI, positive urgency, lack of premeditation and sensation seeking were weaker, but still significant predictors. This result is discussed with regard to the use of the PGSI in predicting gambling behaviour and problems in the wording of the positive urgency facet of the UPPS-P.Impulsivity has been broadly defined as a Btendency to act spontaneously and without deliberation^([1], p. 13). It is considered to play an important role in the initiation of behaviour and to be a personality-based risk factor for a range of mental health disorders including substance abuse, pathological gambling, bulimia nervosa, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, borderline and anti-social personality disorders [2][3][4][5]. In total, the DSM-IV had 18 separate disorders that included criteria related to a broad definition of impulsivity [6] and this underlines the importance of defining and measuring the trait.With the types of the behaviours associated with impulsivity being so varied there have been a number of different scales developed that attempt to measure the overall construct [2].

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Electroencephalographic Evidence of Abnormal Anticipatory Uncertainty Processing in Gambling Disorder Patients

et al. 2017

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Putting money at stake produces anticipatory uncertainty, a process that has been linked to key features of gambling. Here we examined how learning and individual differences modulate the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN, an electroencephalographic signature of perceived uncertainty of valued outcomes) in gambling disorder patients (GDPs) and healthy controls (HCs), during a non-gambling contingency learning task. Twenty-four GDPs and 26 HCs performed a causal learning task under conditions of high and medium uncertainty (HU, MU; null and positive cue-outcome contingency, respectively). Participants were asked to predict the outcome trial-by-trial, and to regularly judge the strength of the cue-outcome contingency. A pre-outcome SPN was extracted from simultaneous electroencephalographic recordings for each participant, uncertainty level, and task block. The two groups similarly learnt to predict the occurrence of the outcome in the presence/absence of the cue. In HCs, SPN amplitude decreased as the outcome became predictable in the MU condition, a decrement that was absent in the HU condition, where the outcome remained unpredictable during the task. Most importantly, GDPs' SPN remained high and insensitive to task type and block. In GDPs, the SPN amplitude was linked to gambling preferences. When both groups were considered together, SPN amplitude was also related to impulsivity. GDPs thus showed an abnormal electrophysiological response to outcome uncertainty, not attributable to faulty contingency learning. Differences with controls were larger in frequent players of passive games, and smaller in players of more active games. Potential psychological mechanisms underlying this set of effects are discussed.

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Predicting Problem Gambling in Australian Adults Using a Multifaceted Model of Impulsivity

Cited by 34 publications

References 57 publications

Exploring the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Gambling Level Across Different Gambling Types

Exploring the Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Gambling Level Across Different Gambling Types

Impulsivity Predictors of Problem Gambling and Impaired Control

Electroencephalographic Evidence of Abnormal Anticipatory Uncertainty Processing in Gambling Disorder Patients

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