Predicting Nitrogen Fertilizer Needs for Sugarbeets from Residual Nitrate and Mineralizable Nitrogen

Carter, J.N.; Westermann, D. T.; Jensen, Marvin E.; Bosma, S.M.

doi:10.5274/jsbr.18.3.232

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These accounting surpluses are apparently from N mineralization. These rates for N mineralization are within the range of values previously shown for Treasure Valley soils and may underestimate N mineralization since available N losses could have occurred (Carter et al, 1975;Shock et al, 1998b;Stieber et al, 1995). In a survey of 30 Treasure Valley and southern Idaho sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) fi elds, the N mineralized (anaerobic incubation method) in the top 0.9 m of soil averaged 182 kg•ha -1 over 3 years (Shock et al, 1998b).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Using the buried bag in-fi eld incubation method the average mineralized N values (69 kg•ha -1 in 1993 and 150 kg•ha -1 in 1994) for the same fi elds in Stieber et al (1995) were close to the values determined by anaerobic incubation. Carter et al (1975) and Shock et al (1998b and2000c) have shown that N mineralization in Treasure Valley soils can provide a large proportion of sugar beet N needs. The anaerobic incubation method N mineralization values for the fi elds in the current trials averaged 239, 255, and 51 kg•ha -1 for 1999, 2000, and 2001 respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Population and Nitrogen Fertilization for Subsurface Drip-irrigated Onion

Shock¹,

Feibert²,

Saunders³

2004

HortSci

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Onion (Allium cepa L.) production in the Treasure Valley of eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho has been based on furrow irrigation with 318 kg·ha-1 N fertilizer and average yields of 70 Mg·ha-1, but these practices have been implicated in nitrate contamination of groundwater. Drip irrigation, introduced in the early 1990s, has several advantages, including reduced leaching losses. Since onion plant populations and N fertilizer rates can affect economic returns, studies were conducted in 1999, 2000, and 2001 to determine optimum plant populations and N fertilizer rates for subsurface drip-irrigated onion. Long-day onion (`Vision') was subjected to a combination of seven nitrogen fertilization rates (0 to 336 kg·ha-1 in 56-kg increments applied between late May and early July) and four plant populations (185, 250, 300, and 370 thousand plants/ha). Onion was grown on silt loam in two double rows spaced 0.56 m apart on 1.1 m beds with a drip tape buried 13 cm deep in the bed center. Soil water potential was maintained nearly constant at -20 kPa by automated irrigations based on soil water potential measurements at a 0.2-m depth. Onion bulbs were evaluated for yield and grade after 70 days of storage. Onion yield and grade were highly responsive to plant population. Onion marketable yield increased, and bulb diameter decreased with increasing plant population. Within the range of plant populations tested, gross returns were not always responsive to plant population. Returns were increased by the increase in marketable yield obtained with higher plant population, but higher plant population also reduced the production of the largest sized bulbs which had the highest value per weight. Onion yielded 95 Mg·ha-1 with no applied N fertilizer, averaged over plant populations and years. Onion yield and grade were not responsive to N fertilizer rate or interaction of N fertilizer rate with plant population. Preplant soil available N, N mineralization, and N in irrigation water all contributed N to the crop. Onion N uptake did not increase with increasing N fertilizer rate.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Population and Nitrogen Fertilization for Subsurface Drip-irrigated Onion

Shock¹,

Feibert²,

Saunders³

2004

HortSci

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“…General response of total-N in the leaves to various treatment was similar to that of the roots. Similar results were also pointed out by several other researchers (Thome and Watson 1956, Carter et al 1974, Lorenz 1978, Vilsmeir 1985, Chochola 1981.…”

Section: Fresh and Dry Weights Of Leaves And Roots;supporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Nitrogenous Fertilization on Yield and Nitrate Accumulation in Sugar Beet

Ali;GÜNEŞ¹

1995

Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

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Summary: The effects of increasing N rates on yield and nitrate content of sugar beet plant were studied under fıeld conditions on micro-plots. N was applied at 0, 5, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg soil rates with two equal portions. At the end of the experiment, fresh and dry weights of the leaves and roots, and total-N and NO3-N contents of leaves and roots were determined. The results indicated that, all of the measured parameters were increased with the increasing nitrogen rates. The highest yield, total-N and NO3-N contents were obtained from the 200 and 500 mg/kg N treatments respectively.

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“…2015, prior to emergence, four rates of calcium ammonium nitrate (0, 45, 90 and 224 kg N•ha −1 ) were broadcasted. In 2016 and 2017, the N treatment approach was modified to in-season N application to mitigate early spring N losses, and to ensure there was sufficient N for sugarbeet development during the season (Carter et al 1975). Five rates (0, 45, 90, 157, and 224 kg N•ha −1 ) of urea ammonium nitrate (28-0-0) were injected 8 cm below the soil surface and in between rows on 20 May 2016 and 2 June 2017.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen management that maximizes sugarbeet profitability is largely dependent on site, management practices (such as planting density, harvest date, cultivar grown), soil type, and weather conditions (Carter et al 1975;Tarkalson et al 2016;DeBruyn et al 2017;Afshar et al 2019;). Delaying sugarbeet harvest increases the root yield and RWST (Lauer 1995;Heidari et al 2008;Al-Sayed et al 2012;DeBruyn et al 2017), hence the Michigan Sugar Company Inc. (MSC) offers a pre-rated early harvest incentive to the growers to provide compensation for expected low sucrose production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical sensors to predict sugarbeet yield, quality, and fertilizer nitrogen application rate

2021

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Nitrogen management is critical for sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) because N inversely influences root yield and recoverable white sucrose per tonne (RWST). From 2015 to 2017 in Ontario the use of optical sensors (SPAD, Greenseeker) was evaluated as a method to guide N application and harvest date (late-September, late-October) selection by predicting root yield RWST and partial profit margins. In a commercial field, fertilizer N rate (4, 5) and cultivar (8, 12) were tested in a split block design experiment with three replications and two harvest dates. In all years, few cultivars (≤2) had a root yield response to applied N, which was attributed to high inherent soil fertility and limited our evaluation of optical sensors to adjust in-season N applications. The optimal N rate to maximize RWST and profits was 0 to 45 kg N ha-1 and confirmed their negative relationship to applied N. Optical sensor readings correlated negatively with RWST across the majority (>60%) of cultivars tested in mid-August and September. Across all cultivars, the regression model of optical sensors to predict RWST at early harvest was strongest (R2=0.48 for SPAD; 0.24 Greenseeker) when readings were taken in early September. Although future research to refine this relationship is needed, we recommend the use of optical sensors, particularly the SPAD meter, in early September to guide harvest selection to maximize RWST.

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Predicting Nitrogen Fertilizer Needs for Sugarbeets from Residual Nitrate and Mineralizable Nitrogen

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Plant Population and Nitrogen Fertilization for Subsurface Drip-irrigated Onion

Plant Population and Nitrogen Fertilization for Subsurface Drip-irrigated Onion

Effects of Nitrogenous Fertilization on Yield and Nitrate Accumulation in Sugar Beet

Optical sensors to predict sugarbeet yield, quality, and fertilizer nitrogen application rate

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