Predicting Mechanistic Detachment Model due to Lead-Contaminated Soil Treated with Iraqi Stabilizers

Al-Madhhachi, Abdul-Sahib T.; Mutter, Ghazi Maleh; Hasan, Manar B.

doi:10.1007/s12205-019-2312-3

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The pairwise comparisons of t-tests are calculated to compare the regression equations, observed inflow data, generated-post-Ilisu, Declaration et al inflows using the Tukey test method. The ANOVA is considered a significant difference when the level of α is equal or less than 0.05 [30][31][32].…”

Section: Watershed and Precipitation Distribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris

2020

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The Ilisu Dam is part of the Turkish Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) and is the largest dam on the Tigris River in Turkey. It is located on the main river course 65 km upstream of the Syrian and Iraqi border. The Ilisu Dam watershed is the same as that of the Mosul Dam in Iraq. Sharing the same watershed with the Mosul Dam and located upstream, the Ilisu Dam will usurp most of the watershed and deprive the Mosul Dam of most of its current inflow. This paper presents an assessment of the hydrological impact (basically predicts changes on future inflow) of the Ilisu Dam on the Mosul Dam. The assessment is based on the worst-case scenario. The analyses that are employed include geographic information system (GIS) techniques and regression models, along with statistical analyses to numerate expected future impacts on the Mosul Dam’s inflow distribution. Results reveal that the Ilisu will have a drastic impact on the inflow regime of the Mosul Dam. A reduction as high as 78% of the inflow of the Mosul Dam may occur if the operation of the Ilisu and the Cizre Dams is conducted with no consideration of downstream hydrological and environment impacts.

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Section: Watershed and Precipitation Distribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris

2020

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“…This jet of water is generated by constant water pressure, and it impacts on the soil surface. The jet creates a scour hole on the soil surface by applying a certain shear force [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The mini-JET is one of the approaches for determining soil erosion parameters that is gaining popularity [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The jet creates a scour hole on the soil surface by applying a certain shear force [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The mini-JET is one of the approaches for determining soil erosion parameters that is gaining popularity [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The United States Department of Agriculture's Research Service (USDA-ARS) in Stillwater, Oklahoma, developed the mini-JET instrument [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any additional forces that effect soil detachment can be incorporated, or considered, in the Wilson model parameters (b 0 and b 1 ). The Wilson model was widely utilized by several researchers to determine the rate of soil erosion using the JET device [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The nonlinear model parameters (b 0 and b 1 ) have never been determined using a JET device in the presence of humic acids for crusted versus uncrusted soils at different curing durations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Mechanistic Detachment Parameters Due to Humic Acids in Biological Soil Crusts

Abbood

Al-Madhhachi

2021

Land

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Humic acid (HA) is a material that could be used to decrease erosion and improve soil structure. It is also known that biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have a major role in soil stabilization, but the mechanism is not well understood in the presence of HA, especially with mechanistic soil detachment rate parameters (b0 and b1) of the Wilson model, where b0 is the dimensional soil detachment parameter and b1 is the dimensional soil threshold parameter. Therefore, this study intends to (1) investigate the effect of different humic acid (HA) concentrations (0%, 4%, and 8%) on mechanistic soil detachment rate parameters (b0 and b1,) in the Tigris Riversides of the Gheraiat region, Baghdad City, Iraq, of the crusted versus uncrusted soils using a small scale model of the jet erosion tests (mini-JET) at different curing periods (1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks), and (2) examine the impact of HA on b0 and b1 parameters versus some soil characteristics, such as electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and soil organic matter for uncrusted and crusted soils. Thirty-six undisturbed soil specimens (18 for crusted soils and 18 for uncrusted soils) were acquired from the Tigris Riverbank. On these specimens, the mini-JET was used to determine the mechanistic cohesive soil erodibility parameters b0 and b1. The results showed that the value of b0 decreased up to 60% with an increase in curing times for crusted soils until they reached their optimum values at 2 weeks. There was no consistent pattern for b1 at different curing times. As the concentration of HA increased, the value of b0 decreased up to 86% and 99% for crusted and uncrusted soils, respectively. HA significantly improved electrical conductivity, exchange capacity, and organic matter in the soil and reduced soil erodibility. This study provides the benefits of adding HA to the soils as a soil stabilizer using a low-cost technique, which is the JET instrument.

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“…Researchers and practitioners have been investigating and analyze numerous methods, materials, and techniques in order to find the best environmentally-friendly, innovative and economical practices for soil stabilization. Special focus has been paid to investigate the effects of several locally available materials as potential stabilizers in achieving this purpose [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Characteristics of a Soft Clay Soil Using Cement Activated Low-Calcium Fly Ash

Majeed

Shihab

Abbas

et al. 2021

DJES

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In this research, the potential improvement of some geotechnical characteristics of soft clay soil using the low Calcium fly ash was evaluated. (These characteristics include unit weight, shear strength, compaction characteristics and soil plasticity characteristics). In addition, the X-ray diffraction test was performed to measure the mineralogical changes in the soft clay soil when the low Calcium fly ash is added. The ordinary Portland cement was used to activate the fly ash. The total percent of flash and cement was10% to investigate the variation in the effectiveness of activation. The optimum moisture content that which computed by the compaction test was adopted in the rest of the experimental program. The test results revealed that the cement could be used to improve the activating of the fly ash efficiently. The maximum value of dry density was marginally affected due to activation from 1.747 to 1.738 g/cm3 along with a corresponding change in optimum water content from 17.45 to 15.5 %. The soil cohesion parameter increased from 188 to 206 kN/m2 whereas the angle of internal friction rose from about 56.7o to 59.1o. Finally, the results of the unconfined compression test reveal that the cement-activated fly ash could present better results than those obtained from a 28-days curing cement.

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Predicting Mechanistic Detachment Model due to Lead-Contaminated Soil Treated with Iraqi Stabilizers

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris

Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris

Quantifying Mechanistic Detachment Parameters Due to Humic Acids in Biological Soil Crusts

Improving the Characteristics of a Soft Clay Soil Using Cement Activated Low-Calcium Fly Ash

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