Predicting Lactate Threshold Using Ventilatory Threshold

Plato, Peggy A.; McNulty, Michael; Crunk, Steven M.; Ergun, Alev Tug

doi:10.1055/s-2007-989453

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…9,54,55 In order to take into account the lactate kinetics of individuals, individual AT concepts such as the Dm-AT have also been used to obtain threshold values on a rowing ergometer. 16,22,35,56 Although the two criterion indices (La4-At and Dm-AT) in the present study differed slightly with respect to blood lactate concentration, VO 2 , PO and HR, the yielded AT values were highly correlated, both with each other and with the four different noninvasive indices. Interestingly, the mean 3.65 mmol/l value found for Dm-AT in the present study was very close to that reported by Jürimäe et al 19 (3.7 mmol/l) using a logarithmic method for determining individual AT; AT log is the PO at which blood lactate begins to increase when log [blood lactate] is plotted against log [power output] .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…This method, termed Dmax, was found to be an objective and reliable method for LT determination. 21,22 In order to avoid expensive invasive procedures, investigators have attempted to predict AT values from physiological measurements obtained during a noninvasive single-graded exercise test. Popular non-invasive AT procedures during different ergometries involve the use of either respiratory data or simply the HR curve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-invasive Indices for the Estimation of the Anaerobic Threshold of Oarsmen

et al. 2010

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TurkeyThis study compared four common noninvasive indices with an invasive index for determining the anaerobic threshold (AT) in 22 adult male rowers using a Concept2 rowing ergometer. A criterion-standard progressive incremental test (invasive method) measured blood lactate concentrations to determine the 4 mmol/l threshold (La4-AT) and Dmax AT (Dm-AT). This was compared with three indices obtained by analysis of respiratory gases and one that was based on the heart rate (HR) deflection point (HRDP) all of which used the Conconi test (non-invasive methods). In the Conconi test, the HRDP was determined whilst continuously increasing the power output (PO) by 25 W/min and measuring respiratory gases and HR. The La4-AT and Dm-AT values differed slightly with respect to oxygen uptake, PO and HR however, AT values significantly correlated with each other and with the four non-invasive methods. In conclusion, the non-invasive indices were comparable with the invasive index and could, therefore, be used in the assessment of AT during rowing ergometer use. In this population of elite rowers, Conconi threshold (Con-AT), based on the measurement of HRDP tended to be the most adequate way of estimating AT for training regulation purposes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive Indices for the Estimation of the Anaerobic Threshold of Oarsmen

et al. 2010

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“…Other indirect methods to estimate such thresholds use pulmonary gas exchange data (40,49) (i.e., ventilatory threshold) or electromyographic signals (40). Several studies have aimed to compare different methods to determine the lactate and ventilatory thresholds using different protocols (9,11,35,40), although it is difficult to draw conclusions, as the results heavily depend on the specific methodologies used (e.g., cycle or treadmill, duration of exercise stage, blood sampling site). Others have attempted to investigate the relationship between lactate or ventilatory threshold and exercise performance in thermoneutral conditions (6,19,50).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lactate threshold predicting time-trial performance: impact of heat and acclimation

Lorenzo

Minson

Babb

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Lorenzo S, Minson CT, Babb TG, Halliwill JR. Lactate threshold predicting time-trial performance: impact of heat and acclimation. J Appl Physiol 111: 221-227, 2011. First published April 28, 2011 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00334.2011The relationship between exercise performance and lactate and ventilatory thresholds under two distinct environmental conditions is unknown. We examined the relationships between six lactate threshold methods (blood-and ventilation-based) and exercise performance in cyclists in hot and cool environments. Twelve cyclists performed a lactate threshold test, a maximal O2 uptake (V O2max) test, and a 1-h time trial in hot (38°C) and cool (13°C) conditions, before and after heat acclimation. Eight control subjects completed the same tests before and after 10 days of identical exercise in a cool environment. The highest correlations were observed with the blood-based lactate indexes; however, even the indirect ventilation-based indexes were well correlated with mean power during the time trial. Averaged bias was 15.4 Ϯ 3.6 W higher for the ventilation-than the blood-based measures (P Ͻ 0.05). The bias of blood-based measures in the hot condition was increased: the time trial was overestimated by 37.7 Ϯ 3.6 W compared with only 24.1 Ϯ 3.2 W in the cool condition (P Ͻ 0.05). Acclimation had no effect on the bias of the blood-based indexes (P ϭ 0.51) but exacerbated the overestimation by some ventilation-based indexes by an additional 34.5 Ϯ 14.1 W (P Ͻ 0.05). Blood-based methods to determine lactate threshold show less bias and smaller variance than ventilation-based methods when predicting time-trial performance in cool environments. Of the blood-based methods, the inflection point between steady-state lactate and rising lactate (INFL) was the best method to predict time-trial performance. Lastly, in the hot condition, ventilation-based predictions are less accurate after heat acclimation, while blood-based predictions remain valid in both environments after heat acclimation. heat stress; heat acclimation; heat acclimatization; critical power; endurance exercise SEVERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, namely, maximal O 2 uptake (V O 2max ), lactate threshold, ventilatory threshold, fraction of slow-twitch fibers, and running economy, are known to be related to (or predictive of) endurance exercise performance (12,13,19). As the margins for success in athletic competition are often quite small, coaches, athletes, and physiologists have long been interested in assessing an individual athlete's lactate or ventilatory threshold, in an effort to use such information to design more effective training plans, optimize an athlete's performance, or make race-day predictions. The terms "lactate threshold" and "ventilatory threshold" have generally been used to define the highest work rate or O 2 uptake (V O 2 ) at which athletes can maintain their efforts over a specified time frame. To the best of our knowledge, no study has focused on simultaneously determining the accuracy of lactate threshold vs. ventila...

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“…Indeed, 'LT2 testing' is a central measurement tool used by institutes and academies of sport throughout Australia and around the world to gauge the 'fitness' of their endurance athletes at a particular point in time. It is also used to establish endurance performance status [9][10][11] , to prescribe training zones [12,13] to enable athletes to improve their endurance capacity and to monitor changes in response to training [12][13][14] . Moreover, the relationship between LT2 and endurance performance appears to be stronger than the V O2max-endurance performance relationship in trained endurance athletes.…”

Section: Fractional Utilisation Of V O 2 Maxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LT2 is commonly used to establish endurance performance status [9][10][11] , prescribe training zones [12,13] and monitor changes in response to training [12][13][14] .…”

Section: Introduction To the Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

Fisher¹

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The second lactate threshold (LT2) has long been associated with endurance performance in trained endurance athletes. In Australia, the state institutes and academies of sport utilise the modified maximum deviation (D-max) method to determine LT2 in endurance athletes for the purpose of establishing training intensities and indicating whether athletes are appropriately adapting to training loads. For LT2 methods to be considered valid, it had been suggested that strong associations with simulated endurance performance and the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) are required. Although research has established a strong relationship between the modified D-max and endurance performance, there are gaps in the literature which this thesis aims to investigate. iii appropriate measurement of ovarian hormones. Therefore, the second study extended study one, to explore the same experimental aims, in endurance-trained women (n = 12) whilst controlling for ovarian hormone concentrations through the use of hormonal contraceptives. When comparing to the men's results from study one, power output and V O2 at LT2 were also found to be significantly correlated with 40 km cycling performance in endurance-trained women. Additionally, combining maximal (peak power output and V O2max) and fractional utilisation (V O2 and power output at LT2) variables produced the strongest prediction of performance in women (r 2 = 0.87) and men (r 2 = 0.95). In women, VT2 was significantly higher than LT2 for all variables measured, despite no differences observed for the men. More women (73%) than men (50%) completed 30 min of cycling and elicited a steady-state [La -] at their LT2 power output, despite LT2 being significantly higher than the self-selected power output during a 40 km cycling time trial in women.The final study examined the sensitivity of the modified D-max LT2 to adapt to a brief highintensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in already-endurance trained men (n = 9) and women (n = 8). Although not significant, women (but not men) showed a trend towards LT2 power output improvement (2.2%; p = 0.08) post-HIIT. Mean 40 km time trial performance significantly improved in both men (-1.7%) and women (-2.6%), with no difference in the magnitude of change between sexes. Furthermore, although LT2 power output explained 77% of the improvement in 40 km cycling performance in women, none of the measured variables explained the performance improvement in men, suggesting that mechanisms other than those responsible for the LT2 were involved. The LT2-performance relationship was intensity-dependent in both men and women, shown by significant correlations at post-HIIT but not baseline. Some of the sex-related differences may, at least in part, be explained by the influence of oestradiol, perhaps by the exacerbation of the sex-based differences in substrate metabolism and subsequent effects on [La -] and fatigue, and/or greater cardiovascular stress in men than women.Collectively, these studies improve understanding of the modifie...

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Predicting Lactate Threshold Using Ventilatory Threshold

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Non-invasive Indices for the Estimation of the Anaerobic Threshold of Oarsmen

Non-invasive Indices for the Estimation of the Anaerobic Threshold of Oarsmen

Lactate threshold predicting time-trial performance: impact of heat and acclimation

Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

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