Predicting invasion risk of raccoon Procyon lotor in Iran using environmental niche models

Farashi, Azita; Naderi, Morteza

doi:10.1007/s11355-016-0320-8

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Raccoons (belonging to Procyonidae ) usually live near to human populations that make them a potential source for zoonotic transmission of human‐infecting pathogens. According to the reports that introduced the north of Iran as a new niche of raccoons (Farashi and Naderi ), it seems that raccoons may play a role in dispersion of microsporidia spores to human communities through either polluting water resources and farmlands, or spreading the spores to livestock farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The province has a humid subtropical climate with mean annual rainfall of 1,359 mm (Kazemi Rad and Mohammadi ). Because raccoons were reported only from the west regions of Guilan province including Astara and Talesh districts, current study is limited to these areas (Farashi and Naderi ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flexibility and capability of raccoons in coping with environmental changes make it the most successful invader in comparison with other species (Zeveloff and Dewitte ). In 1991, the presence of raccoon was recorded in Iran for the first time (Farashi and Naderi ; Farashi et al. ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, distribution, expansion range, and influence of this species on local fauna remain unclear. The raccoon distribution map shows that forest and rangeland areas near the Caspian Sea are the current habitats for this animal (Farashi and Naderi ; Farashi et al. ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The First Report and Molecular Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Raccoon (Procyon lotor) in North of Iran

Javanmard

Nemati

Sharifdini

et al. 2020

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Microsporidia are known opportunistic microorganisms and usually transmitted via the fecal-oral route. However, there is no information about humaninfecting microsporidia in wildlife in Iran. This study aimed to investigate and analyze human-infecting microsporidia isolated from raccoons in north of Iran. Totally, 30 fecal samples were collected; then, DNA extraction was performed and specific fragments of the SSU rRNA gene of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon species were amplified. After amplification and sequencing the ITS, the results were compared to the GenBank database. Phylogenetic trees and network analysis were employed to explore probable relationships. E. bieneusi was the only detected microsporidia among samples. Genotyping showed the genotypes D, E, and RA in 15/18 (83.33%), 1/18 (5.55%), and 2/18 (11.11%) of samples, respectively. Novel genotypes RA1 and RA2 grouped together and apart from other genotypes. E. bieneusi genotypes D and E clustered with the genotypes previously reported from animals, humans, and environmental samples. Network analysis revealed six distinct sequence types among raccoon's isolates. This study demonstrated that E. bieneusi genotype D was the most prevalent microsporidia among raccoons. It seems that wildlife may play a role in dispersion of microsporidia spores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The First Report and Molecular Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Raccoon (Procyon lotor) in North of Iran

Javanmard

Nemati

Sharifdini

et al. 2020

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…Other land use may have an effect but was not represented in our study. For example, the distribution of raccoons depends on bodies of water, which were simply not present where we worked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐service traps inspected by avian and terrestrial predators as a management option for rodents

Schlötelburg

Plekat

Bellingrath-Kimura

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Worldwide, serval rodent species are major pests in agricultural landscapes. A vole‐specific tub‐trap combining trapping and natural predators was developed to minimize the migration of rodents into agricultural crops. The trap was tested in enclosures in terms of its trapability of common voles (Microtus arvalis Pallas) and in the field regarding predator access and removal of voles, both in comparison to a commercially available self‐service trap (standby‐box). RESULTS The trapability of voles was equal for tub‐traps and standby‐boxes. The removal of voles occurred four times more often from tub‐traps by a wider variety of predators (e.g. smaller terrestrial predators, birds of prey). Visits by predators were most likely if study sites were not surrounded by artificial surfaces (70% visit probability by terrestrial predators) or if they were in areas that were more than 25% (semi)natural (95% visit probability by avian predators). Furthermore, visits by avian predators increased with time and a learning effect could be demonstrated for magpies (Pica pica L.). From the first to the fifth day, the visit probability of magpies quadrupled. CONCLUSIONS Visits by predators decreased with increasing cover of artificial surfaces or decreasing cover of (semi)natural areas, proving the importance of (semi)natural areas in the agricultural landscape. Long‐term trials with different baiting techniques and in landscapes characterized by organic farming should be conducted to ensure the regular removal of voles. The use of tub‐traps that are frequently visited by predators could support crop protection, which might limit the use of rodenticide and the associated exposure risk of non‐target wildlife. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Potential invasion range of raccoon in Iran under climate change

et al. 2020

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Growing global evidence demonstrates that not only the invasion of alien species has imposed serious threats to native biodiversity, but it also threatens health and economics. The raccoon (Procyon lotor), medium-sized mammal, native to North America, as a result of escapes or deliberate introductions in the mid-twentieth century, is now distributed across much of mainland Europe and the Caucasus and known as an alien invasive species. The raccoon was observed and reported for the first time in 1991 in the Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests ecoregion in Iran, near the border of Azerbaijan. Although it has been almost three decades since the first report in the northwest of the country, there are not many official reports nor scientific research on its dispersal and adaptive behaviour. In this study, we provide new evidence on the current distribution range and predict the potential distribution range and thus invasion risk of the raccoon under climate change in Iran. We trained an ensemble of species distribution models trained in native and European invaded range and transferred it over space and time to Iran in 6 future climate scenarios. We also calculated the potential dispersal range of the raccoon per year and explored potential invasion corridors. Our results show that the raccoon inclined to expand in the forests and rangelands near the Caspian Sea and toward west Iran. Our work provides evidence to conservationists and decision-makers to further focus on the areas where the species will most likely expand, under the future scenarios of the climate change in 2050.

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Predicting invasion risk of raccoon Procyon lotor in Iran using environmental niche models

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

The First Report and Molecular Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Raccoon (Procyon lotor) in North of Iran

The First Report and Molecular Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Raccoon (Procyon lotor) in North of Iran

Self‐service traps inspected by avian and terrestrial predators as a management option for rodents

Potential invasion range of raccoon in Iran under climate change

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