Predicting invasion patterns in coastal ecosystems: relationship between vector strength and vector tempo

Current status and trends of biological invasions in the Lagoon of Venice, a hotspot of marine NIS introductions in the Mediterranean Sea

“…Besides intensive shipping and boating, the Lagoon of Venice is also highly exposed to another globally acknowledged vector of NIS introduction: shellfish culture (Minchin 2007;Mineur et al 2007;Haydar and Wolff 2011). Venice was the leading European site of clam production (Boscolo-Brusà et al 2013), with 4500 ha devoted to shellfish farms, managed by 497 licensed operators, out of which 253 are in the Chioggia basin (Provincia di Venezia 2014).…”

The Japanese alga Polysiphonia morrowii (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) on the South Atlantic Ocean: first report of an invasive macroalga inhabiting oyster reefs

“…Oyster aquaculture is no longer practiced in the region; however, the reefs are exploited by the local people as an economic resource as well as a management practice. Although fouling is considered as one of the most important sources of the introduction of exotic macroalgae (Haydar and Wolff 2011), it is unlikely that this vector is the source of P. morrowii introduction into Anegada Bay: the oceanographic conditions are unfavorable for industrial fishing vessels to enter the bay, and therefore, there is no harbor (Cuadrado and Gomez 2010).…”

“…However, U. pinnatifida has never been recorded in Anegada Bay to date. Red algae are the largest taxonomic group introduced by oyster vectors, and 45% of the associated introductions originate from the Northwest Pacific (Haydar and Wolff 2011); hence, it is reasonable to consider the pacific oyster as a vector for the introduction of P. morrowii into the Atlantic Patagonian coasts. Although P. morrowii has been registered in Punta Arenas, Chile, we consider it very unlikely that the Chilean population could be the source of the Argentinean population, since the two coasts are located in different oceans about 1,800 km distant and separated by large latitude range.…”

“…There is evidence that filamentous invasive macroalgae such as Polysiphonia are able to produce changes in the biodiversity of native ecosystems, providing substrate for the settlement of protozoa, colonial diatoms and early stages of macroalgae, hence increasing the complexity of the ecosystems that they invade (Thomsen et al 2006). Several species of Polysiphonia have been found in nonnative habitats where introductions are supposed to be the result of aquaculture initiatives (Maggs and Stegenga 1999;Haydar and Wolff 2011;Geoffroy et al 2012). The most invasive species include P. morrowii Harvey, P. brodiei (Dillwyn) Sprengel, P. breviarticulata (C. Agardh) Zanardini and P. harveyi J.W.…”

Ballast Water Risk Indication for the North Sea

“…In addition to the environmental match of species donor and recipient areas, propagule pressure is another key factor in the success of species introductions (Haydar and Wolff 2011;Lockwood, Cassey, and Blackburn 2005;Verling et al 2005). Propagule pressure is a measurement of the number of viable individuals (adults, juveniles, larvae, eggs, cysts, etc.)…”