Predicting Head Injury Risk During International Space Station Increments

Weaver, Aaron S.; Zakrajsek, Anne D.; Lewandowski, Beth E.; Brooker, John E.; Myers, Jerry G.

doi:10.3357/asem.3429.2013

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

2013

DOI: 10.3357/asem.3429.2013

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Predicting Head Injury Risk During International Space Station Increments

Aaron S. Weaver¹,

Anne D. Zakrajsek²,

Beth E. Lewandowski³

et al.

Abstract: Our head injury prediction model has shown that there is a low, yet not insignificant, probability of neurological head injury of AIS score 3 or greater. The results from this simulation will be input into the parent Integrated Medical Model, which incorporates the risks of over 80 different medical events in order to inform mission planning scenarios.

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2018

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Forecasting Postflight Hip Fracture Probability Using Probabilistic Modeling

Lewandowski

Myers

2018

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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A probabilistic model predicts hip fracture probability for post-flight male astronauts during lateral fall scenarios from various heights. A biomechanical representation of the hip provides impact load. Correlations relate spaceflight bone mineral density (BMD) loss and post-flight BMD recovery to bone strength. Translations convert fracture risk index, the ratio of applied load to bone strength, to fracture probability. Parameter distributions capture uncertainty and Monte Carlo simulations provide probability outcomes. The fracture probability for a 1 m fall 0 days post-flight is 15% greater than preflight and remains 6% greater than pre-flight at 365 days post-flight. Probability quantification provides insight into how spaceflight induced BMD loss affects fracture probability. A bone loss rate reflecting improved exercise countermeasures and dietary intake further reduces the post-flight fracture probability to 6% greater than preflight at 0 days post-flight and 2% greater at 365 days post-flight. Quantification informs assessments of countermeasure effectiveness. When preflight BMD is one standard deviation below mean astronaut preflight BMD, fracture probability at 0 days post-flight is 34% greater than the preflight fracture probability calculated with mean BMD and 28% greater at 365 days post-flight. Quantification aids review of astronaut BMD fitness for duty standards. Increases in post-flight fracture probability are associated with an estimated 18% reduction in post-flight bone strength. Therefore, a 0.82 deconditioning coefficient modifies force application limits for crew vehicles.

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Forecasting Postflight Hip Fracture Probability Using Probabilistic Modeling

Lewandowski

Myers

2018

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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Predicting Head Injury Risk During International Space Station Increments

Cited by 1 publication

References 5 publications

Forecasting Postflight Hip Fracture Probability Using Probabilistic Modeling

Forecasting Postflight Hip Fracture Probability Using Probabilistic Modeling

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