Predicting growth of mat‐forming lichens on a landscape scale – comparing models with different complexities

Čabrajić, Anna V. Jonsson; Moen, Jon; Palmqvist, Kristin

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.06079.x

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, lichen biomass was negatively associated with canopy closure (Table 7). Lichen growth is typically maximized at intermediate levels of canopy closure (~40%) [51], beyond which the growth of mosses is promoted at the expense of lichens [6]. Thus, lichens may require a minimum amount canopy closure to be present at a site but experience reduced growth at high levels of canopy closure, perhaps explaining the opposing responses of lichen presence and biomass observed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Modelling Lichen Abundance for Woodland Caribou in a Fire-Driven Boreal Landscape

Silva

Nielsen

Lamb

et al. 2019

Forests

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Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) are reliant on Cladonia spp. ground lichens as a major component of their diet and lichen abundance could be an important indicator of habitat quality, particularly in winter. The boreal forest is typified by large, stand-replacing forest fires that consume ground lichens, which take decades to recover. The large spatial extent of caribou ranges and the mosaic of lichen availability created by fires make it challenging to track the abundance of ground lichens. Researchers have developed various techniques to map lichens across northern boreal and tundra landscapes, but it remains unclear which techniques are best suited for use in the continuous boreal forest, where many of the conflicts amongst caribou and human activities are most acute. In this study, we propose a two-stage regression modelling approach to map the abundance (biomass, kg/ha) of Cladonia spp. ground lichens in the boreal forest. Our study was conducted in Woodland Caribou Provincial Park, a wilderness-class protected area in northwestern Ontario, Canada. We used field sampling to characterize lichen abundance in 109 upland forest stands across the local time-since-fire continuum (2–119 years-since-fire). We then used generalized linear models to relate lichen presence and lichen abundance to forest structure, topographic and remote sensing attributes. Model selection indicated ground lichens were best predicted by ecosite, time-since-fire, and canopy closure. Lichen abundance was very low (<1000 kg/ha) across the time-since-fire continuum in upland forest stands with dense tree cover. Conversely, lichen abundance increased steadily across the time-since-fire continuum in upland forest stands with sparse tree cover, exceeding 3000 kg/ha in mature stands. We interpolated the best lichen presence and lichen abundance models to create spatial layers and combined them to generate a map that provides a reasonable estimation of lichen biomass (R2 = 0.39) for our study area. We encourage researchers and managers to use our method as a basic framework to map the abundance of ground lichens across fire-prone, boreal caribou ranges. Mapping lichens will aid in the identification of suitable habitat and can be used in planning to ensure habitat is maintained in adequate supply in areas with multiple land-use objectives. We also encourage the use of lichen abundance maps to investigate questions that improve our understanding of caribou ecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Modelling Lichen Abundance for Woodland Caribou in a Fire-Driven Boreal Landscape

Silva

Nielsen

Lamb

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…According to Jonsson Čabrajić (2009), light is the most important factor affecting the height growth of lichens, reaching saturation at site openness of 40%, equivalent to a 15 m 2 ha -1 basal area of the growing stock. Humidity is the second limiting factor (Jonsson Čabrajić et al 2010;Kumpula et al 2013). Lichens are active at the temperatures above freezing point but their growth is negatively correlated with temperature when the optimal temperature for photosynthesis (to lichens about 10 °C) is exceeded (Matila and Kubin 1998;Jonsson Čabrajić 2009;Kumpula et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland

Akujärvi¹,

Hallikainen²,

Hyppönen³

et al. 2014

Silva Fenn.

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Akujärvi A., Hallikainen V., Hyppönen M., Mattila E., Mikkola K., Rautio P. (2014). Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 3 article id 1153. 18 p. Highlights• Both reindeer grazing and forestry affect the cover and biomass of reindeer lichens.• Reindeer grazing has bigger impact than forestry.• The lichen cover was about five-fold and the biomass about fifteen-fold in the ungrazed (fenced) sites than in the grazed ones.• The decrease of not only the biomass, but also the cover of lichens, is alarming. AbstractReindeer husbandry and forestry are practiced in the same areas in northern Fennoscandia. Reindeer pastures have largely deteriorated. We aimed to quantify the separate and combined effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on the amount of ground lichens. To do this, we mapped and inventoried all larger enclosures (49) in Finnish Lapland where forest management practices were similar in both sides of the fence. The average time since fencing was 43 years. We recorded the cover and estimated dry biomass of ground lichens, as well as parameters describing forest stand characteristics. The effect of reindeer grazing on both the cover and estimated dry biomass of lichens was clear: in the ungrazed (fenced) sites, the lichen cover (35.8%) was on average 5.3-fold and the dry biomass (1929 kg ha -1 ) 14.8-fold compared with the corresponding estimates in the grazed sites (6.8% and 130 kg ha -1 ). The effect of forestry on lichens was smaller. In the grazed stands the cover and biomass of lichens were higher in the mature stands compared to the younger stand development classes, whereas in the ungrazed stands there were no significant differences between the development classes. Both reindeer grazing and forestry affect the cover and biomass of ground lichens. The influence of reindeer grazing is, however, much heavier than that of forestry. The decrease of not only the biomass, but also the lichen cover, is alarming. The decrease of lichen cover may hinder the recovery of reindeer pastures, which in the long run endangers the sustainability of reindeer husbandry.

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“…The hydration status of a lichen and the environmental conditions in the habitat may affect lichen respiration in several ways, complicating attempts to determine general correlations between their growth rates and environmental variables (Lange & Green 2006). Firstly, in addition to the light conditions per se during the day‐time (Jonsson Čabrajić, Moen & Palmqvist 2010), the ratio between light and dark active periods will also be an important determinant (Lange & Green 2006). Secondly, respiration may be increased more than photosynthesis by increases in temperature (see Kershaw 1984; Lambers 1985; Sundberg et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling hydration and photosystem II activation in relation to in situ rain and humidity patterns: a tool to compare performance of rare and generalist epiphytic lichens

Čabrajić

Lidén

Lundmark

et al. 2010

Plant Cell & Environment

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A dynamic water and activity model was developed to assess how efficiently lichens can exploit in situ rain and humid air. The capacity to rehydrate and activate photosynthesis [i.e. photosystem II (PSII)] by these water sources was compared among four hydrophilic and one generalist epiphytic lichen. Hydration status, potential (instant activation) and realized (delayed activation) day-light activity were simulated using a model based on species-specific hydration, PSII activation characteristics and in situ water content for Platismatia norvegica in three microclimatic scenarios. The results showed that delayed PSII activation could have profound effects on lichens' ability to exploit environmental water sources. During rain, realized activity was reduced by 19, 34 and 56% compared to simulations assuming instant activation for three hydrophilic lichens in the driest microclimate. During humid air, the reduction was 81% for the most extreme species and scenario, because of slow hydration and low equilibrium water content. Many and brief hydration events may thus hamper species with slow activation and fast desiccation kinetics. No evidence of compensation by a 'water-holding' morphology was observed among studied species. The developed model may provide a tool for identifying suitable habitats for long-term persistence of lichens with physiological constraints.

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Predicting growth of mat‐forming lichens on a landscape scale – comparing models with different complexities

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Modelling Lichen Abundance for Woodland Caribou in a Fire-Driven Boreal Landscape

Modelling Lichen Abundance for Woodland Caribou in a Fire-Driven Boreal Landscape

Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland

Modelling hydration and photosystem II activation in relation to in situ rain and humidity patterns: a tool to compare performance of rare and generalist epiphytic lichens

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