Predicting COVID-19 transmission in a student population in Seoul, South Korea, 2020–2021

Lee, Young Hwa; Kim, Han Ho; Choe, Young June

doi:10.3345/cep.2022.00983

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…While COVID-19 was generally asymptomatic or mild in children, greater susceptibility was presented to having long-lasting consequences in health. Considering that COVID-19 and related illness continues to exude major public health in children, knowledge of long COVID in this population is essential to guide in recognition and management [ 3 ]. Current data on long COVID prevalence in children is inconsistent, varying from 0% to 27.0% in different studies, and there is a lack of information in the pediatric population [ 4 - 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that COVID19 and related illness continues to exude major public health in children, knowledge of long COVID in this population is essential to guide in recognition and management. 3) Current data on long COVID prevalence in children is inconsistent, varying from 0% to 27.0% in different studies, and there is a lack of information in the pediatric pop ulation. 49) Moreover, there is a lack of consensus regarding the definition of long COVID, including the type, number, and duration of symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long COVID in children and adolescents: prevalence, clinical manifestations, and management strategies

Ha¹,

Kim²,

Han³

2023

Clin Exp Pediatr

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Long coronavirus disease (COVID), also known as postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, has been defined as signs and symptoms which persist for 4 weeks or even lasting for 6 months after the initial infection. Although the prevalence of long COVID in children is currently unknown, epidemiological investigations have reported cases in pediatric populations. Clinical manifestations of long COVID in children include respiratory symptoms, such as cough and dyspnea, as well as neuropsychiatric and general conditions, including fatigue, headache, and muscle weakness. The pathophysiology of long COVID in children is still being investigated, but potential mechanisms include viral persistence, autoimmunity, and neuroinflammation. Risk factors for long COVID in children are not yet well understood, but studies have suggested that children with a history of severe acute COVID-19 infection or comorbidities may be at increased risk. Evaluation for respiratory symptoms of long COVID in children is essential, including spirometry and imaging studies to assess lung function and any potential damage. Furthermore, long COVID in children has been associated with a higher prevalence of mental health problems than in adults, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and addressing these aspects in pediatric patients. Although our understanding of long COVID in children and adolescents is still evolving, it is clear that the condition can have significant impacts on their health and well-being. The aim of this review is to synthesize the current knowledge on the prevalence, risk factors, and pathophysiology of long COVID in children and adolescents, and to discuss potential management strategies based on existing evidence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID in children and adolescents: prevalence, clinical manifestations, and management strategies

Ha¹,

Kim²,

Han³

2023

Clin Exp Pediatr

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“…In South Korea, COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended for pregnant women since October 2021; however, the vaccination rate remains low. 13 14 Given that a large proportion of pregnant women were vaccinated during the preconceptional period or before the confirmation of pregnancy, 15 investigating the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccination during these periods is crucial. Universal health insurance data linked to the vaccine registry database provides a unique opportunity to provide real-world evidence of COVID-19 and the effectiveness and safety profile of pregnant women in Korea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination During Preconceptional and Preclinical Pregnancy Period: A National Population Study

Gwak,

Kim,

Shin

et al. 2023

J Korean Med Sci

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Background We aimed to assess the risk of maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and early abortive outcomes after the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during the preconceptional period and preclinical pregnancy, which are likely to be inadvertent vaccination. Methods We used data from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID19-National Health Insurance Service cohort from December 2020 to December 2021. The vaccinated pregnant women were matched to unvaccinated pregnant controls at a 1:4 ratio. The risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and intensive care unit (ICU) admission within 14 days of infection were analyzed to assess its effectiveness. For safety measures, the adjusted relative risks (aRRs) of early abortive outcomes for the first COVID-19 vaccination during the preconceptional and preclinical periods were calculated considering covariates. We compared the risk of early abortion between mRNA and viral vector vaccines. Results The overall COVID-19 vaccination rates during the preconceptional period and preclinical pregnancy were 3.1% (6,662/215,211) and 2.6% (5,702/215,211), respectively. The cumulative incidence of ICU admission within 14 days of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 6/100,000 in the unvaccinated group, whereas there were no ICU admissions in the vaccinated groups. The risks of early abortive outcomes were not significantly different between the preconceptional vaccination group and the unvaccinated group (aRR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI],0.99–1.10) or between preclinical pregnancy vaccination and their matched controls (1.02; 95% CI, 0.96–1.08). mRNA and viral vector vaccines have shown similar risks for early abortive outcomes and miscarriages. Conclusion Our findings have provided compelling evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccination prior to and during early pregnancy. Further research is required to extend the safety and efficacy profiles of COVID-19 vaccines to pregnant women and their babies.

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Predicting COVID-19 transmission in a student population in Seoul, South Korea, 2020–2021

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Long COVID in children and adolescents: prevalence, clinical manifestations, and management strategies

Long COVID in children and adolescents: prevalence, clinical manifestations, and management strategies

Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination During Preconceptional and Preclinical Pregnancy Period: A National Population Study

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