Predicting Copper and Lead Concentration in Crops Using Reflectance Spectroscopy Associated With Intrinsic Wavelength-Scale Decomposition Spectral Transformation

Detection of Ore‐Forming Elements Migrated From Rock and Soil to Vegetation Leaves Using Hyperspectral Data

“…In this study, hyperspectral reflectance was analyzed by DWT to amplify the spectral response information associated with vertical migration of heavy metal. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential ability of wavelet analysis for detection for weak information from remotely sensed images (Cheng et al., 2015; Xu et al., 2020) and reflectance curves (Ampe et al., 2013; H. Li et al., 2022; Liu et al., 2011; J. Zhang et al., 2022). Compared with derivative analysis, the wavelet transform can employ more appropriate functions to represent comprehensive variation and detail features of spectrum curves (Blackburn, 2007; Bruce & Li, 2001).…”

“…Field studies have demonstrated that the shifts in the “red‐edge” or “blue‐edge” of the vegetation spectra were metal‐inducted due to geochemical stress (Collins et al., 1983; Yu et al., 2018; J. Zhang et al., 2022) or for old waste deposit sites (Chen et al., 2012; L. Li et al., 2022). However, fugitive metals in the environment do not usually exist in their pure from but rather in a rock‐soil‐vegetation matrix as waste rock materials, sediments, or as a result of soil deposition (M. Zhang et al., 2022).…”